陆标定位在ECDIS实现方法的研究

发布时间：2018-02-25 10:05

本文关键词： 陆标定位数学模型船舶定位位置线电子海图显示与信息系统　出处：《大连海事大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：船舶定位是航海实践中最基本也是最重要的问题之一。高精度的船舶定位有助于值班驾驶员时刻了解船舶所处的航行环境,监督航线的执行状况,从而快速做出正确的决策,保障航行安全。电子海图显示与信息系统(ECDIS)的出现给传统航海带来了新的发展契机。本文研究将传统航海方法中的陆标定位在ECDIS上实现,既能满足IMO对ECDIS的性能标准要求,又能为ECDIS在国内的开发研究提供算法的参考与依据。本文从陆标定位的算法及定位的精度出发,对陆标定位的数学模型进行了推导并在ECDIS上实现。本文研究的主要工作分为如下几部分:(1)方位和距离位置线及陆标定位船位误差的研究;(2)利用恒向线来代替船测岸的恒位线建立数学模型。对于单方位、两方位以及两距离定位,两条位置线交点即是最概率船位。对于三方位定位,在非等精度条件下,利用交点权法处理误差三角形来求得最概率船位,通过Matlab仿真不同权重系数下误差三角形的重心、内心、斯坦纳点,综合分析得到求最概率船位最优算法。(3)利用实测数据,将数学模型计算出的船位与手工标绘船位进行比较分析,并用GPS船位对数学模型计算的船位进行验证。(4)采用VS 2013编程并在电子海图中加入陆标定位模块,将陆标定位系统在ECDIS中实现。
[Abstract]:Ship positioning is one of the most basic and important problems in the practice of navigation. High precision ship positioning is helpful for the operator on duty to understand the navigation environment of the ship at all times, to supervise the execution of the course, and to make the correct decision quickly. The emergence of electronic chart display and information system (ECDIS) has brought a new opportunity for the development of traditional navigation. In this paper, the localization of landmarks in traditional navigation methods on ECDIS can meet the requirements of IMO performance standards for ECDIS. It can also provide reference and basis for the research and development of ECDIS in China. The mathematical model of landmark positioning is deduced and realized on ECDIS. The main work of this paper is divided into the following parts: 1) azimuth and distance position line and position error of landmark positioning. 2) using constant-direction line instead of ship survey. A mathematical model of the constant position line on the shore. The intersection point of two position lines is the most probabilistic position. For the three-way position location, the most probable position is obtained by using the intersection weight method to deal with the error triangle under the condition of unequal precision. The center of gravity, heart and Steiner point of error triangle under different weight coefficients are simulated by Matlab. The optimal algorithm for finding the most probable ship position is obtained by comprehensive analysis. The ship position calculated by mathematical model is compared with that of hand-plotted ship, and the position calculated by mathematical model is verified by GPS. The program of VS2013 is adopted and the European standard positioning module is added to the electronic chart. The landmark positioning system is implemented in ECDIS.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：U675.7

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