船舶油污水中油滴电动操控和检测技术研究

发布时间：2018-02-24 22:34

本文关键词： 微流控技术表面活性剂电动操控电阻脉冲检测　出处：《大连海事大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：船舶是目前国际贸易的主要交通工具,随着船舶数量和吨位的不断增加,船舶产生的含油污水的总量也在不断增加,其排放会对海洋环境造成巨大的危害,而微流控芯片技术作为当前分析科学的重要发展前沿,其在研究与应用方面都已经取得了飞速的发展。因此基于微流控芯片技术的发展优势,开展含油污水中油滴的操控和检测研究,对于含油污水的处理和检测检测具有重要意义和应用前景。本文利用微流控芯片,研究了表面活性剂对油滴电动输运行为的影响,并实现了含油污水中油滴的快速检测、计数和尺寸判断。具体来看,本文的研究内容主要包括： 1)综述了船舶含油污水油分浓度检测方法,电动操控技术以及RPS检测技术的发展,阐述了电动微流控芯片技术中双电层、直流电渗和直流电泳等基本理论。 2)利用微流控芯片,实验研究了不同极性表面活性剂对油滴电动输运行为的影响规律。研究结果表明,在油污水中添加阴／阳表面活性剂(SDS/CTAB),可方便地改变油滴表面的带电量和电性,从而可通过电场操控改变油滴运动速度和方向,提高乳化油的聚集效果和分离能力。 3)基于差分微流控芯片电阻脉冲检测原理和信号差分检测的优势,搭建了基于电阻脉冲原理(RPS)的油水混合物中油滴连续检测、计数和尺寸判定实验系统,在微流控芯片上对油水混合物中的油滴进行了计数和尺寸大小判定研究,并实现了11mg/L油分浓度的检测。本文基于微流控芯片技术,在微通道内研究了含油污水中油滴的操控和检测,这对于发展含油污水处理的新技术具有一定的参考价值,并且为船舶含油污水及海洋油污染检测提供了一种新型的手段。
[Abstract]:Ships are the main means of transportation in international trade at present. With the increase of the number and tonnage of ships, the total amount of oily sewage produced by ships is also increasing, and its discharge will cause great harm to the marine environment. Microfluidic chip technology, as an important development frontier of current analytical science, has made rapid development in research and application. Therefore, based on the advantages of microfluidic chip technology, The study on the manipulation and detection of oil droplets in oily sewage is of great significance and application prospect for the treatment and detection of oily sewage. In this paper, the effect of surfactant on the electrokinetic transport behavior of oil droplets is studied by using microfluidic chip, and the rapid detection, counting and size determination of oil droplets in oily sewage are realized. In detail, the main contents of this paper are as follows:. The main contents are as follows: 1) the development of oil concentration detection method, electric control technology and RPS detection technology are reviewed. The basic theories of electric microfluidic chip technology, such as double layer, direct current electroosmosis and DC electrophoretic, are expounded. 2) using microfluidic chip, the effect of different polarity surfactants on the electrokinetic transport behavior of oil droplets is studied experimentally. The addition of anionic / cationic surfactant SDS / CTABN in oil polluted water can easily change the electric quantity and the electric property of the oil droplet surface, thus the speed and direction of oil droplet movement can be changed by electric field manipulation, and the aggregation effect and separation ability of emulsified oil can be improved. 3) based on the principle of differential microfluidic chip resistance pulse detection and the advantage of signal differential detection, an experimental system of oil droplet continuous detection, counting and size determination in oil-water mixture based on resistance pulse principle is built. The counting and size determination of oil droplets in oil-water mixture were studied on a microfluidic chip, and the oil concentration of 11mg / L was detected. Based on microfluidic chip technology, the manipulation and detection of oil droplets in oily sewage are studied in the microchannel, which has certain reference value for the development of new technology of oily sewage treatment. It also provides a new method for the detection of oily sewage and marine oil pollution.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U664.9

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