船舶复合阻振结构的阻振性能实验及应用研究

发布时间：2018-04-16 18:47

本文选题：振动传递 + 空心截面阻振结构　；参考：《江苏科技大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：船舶结构的振动会产生很多不利影响,如轴系振动会破坏轴系稳定性,设备振动会破坏仪器的精密性、缩短其使用寿命等;同时,振动往往会伴随产生噪声,一方面会产生空气噪声,影响船员工作生活的舒适度;另一方面,会通过船体结构向外传递,与周围流体介质相互作用,产生辐射噪声,从而影响其隐身性。所以,在船舶结构中采取减振措施至关重要,同时也可以达到降噪的目的。由薄壳加筋结构构成的大型结构,其减振措施主要是阻尼减振以及质量阻振,前者通过耗散结构振动能量达到减振的目的;后者通过打断结构的连续性,引起阻抗失配,导致振动波发生反射和透射现象,从而达到隔振的目的。本文在空心截面阻振质量被提出基础上,研究了空心截面阻振复合结构的阻振性能,从实验和应用两方面,研究了其对简单薄板、复杂船体板-基座结构的振动传递的阻抑性能,以及其对双层圆柱壳体(水下航行器的典型结构)声振特性的影响。首先,开展了简单薄板结构振动传递实验,以振动传递函数及其插入损失为评价标准,研究了空心截面阻振结构的阻振性能、微孔发泡丁基橡胶阻尼减振性能以及复合阻振结构阻振性能;进而开展了复杂船体板-基座结构振动传递实验,以机械导纳及其插入损失为评价标准,研究了基座结构中插入空心截面阻振结构的阻振性能、基座结构中粘贴阻尼层的阻尼减振性能和在空心截面阻振结构中填充颗粒阻尼所构成结构的阻振性能,以及在其基础上研究了复合阻振结构的复合阻振性能。其次,建立了基于波动耦合分析的FE-SEA混合法的双层圆柱壳体(水下航行器动力舱段)的水下模型,研究了不同类型基座、不同壳间介质对其声振特性的影响;研究了动力设备激励源作用时的声振特性,以及研究了多激励源作用时的水下声振特性的预报方法,并指出了其有效性。最后,以所建立的FE-SEA混合法双层圆柱壳体模型为载体,研究了在圆柱壳体中应用空心截面阻振复合结构时对其声振特性的影响。以舱壁基座为对象,研究了空心截面阻振结构的截面形状、布置位置对圆柱壳体声振特性的影响;以平台基座为对象,研究了空心截面阻振结构的阻振性能、丁基橡胶阻尼材料的减振性能以及复合阻振结构的阻振性能对圆柱壳体声振特性的影响;将基座四周阻振设计思想进行扩展,从而将空心截面阻振结构布置在壳体中耐压壳体与外壳体、平台结构以及舱壁等的连接处,研究了新型连接下的圆柱壳体的声振特性。本文从实验和应用的角度研究了复合阻振结构,分析了其阻振性能,指出其较单一的减振方式的优异性,能够有效地降低船舶结构的振动,从而达到减振降噪的目的。本文研究成果对于船舶结构声学设计,具有参考价值。
[Abstract]:The vibration of ship structure will have a lot of adverse effects, such as shafting vibration will destroy the stability of shafting, equipment vibration will destroy the precision of instrument, shorten its service life, etc. At the same time, vibration will often be accompanied by noise.On the one hand, it will produce air noise, which will affect the comfort of crew's work and life; on the other hand, it will transfer outward through the hull structure and interact with the surrounding fluid medium to produce radiation noise, thus affecting its stealth.Therefore, it is very important to take vibration reduction measures in ship structure, and can also achieve the purpose of noise reduction.For a large structure composed of stiffened thin shell, the main measures are damping and damping, the former achieves the purpose of vibration reduction by dissipating the vibration energy of the structure, and the latter causes impedance mismatch by interrupting the continuity of the structure.The vibration wave is reflected and transmitted, and the vibration isolation is achieved.In this paper, on the basis of the vibration resistance quality of hollow section is proposed, the vibration resistance performance of hollow section vibration resistant composite structure is studied, and its effect on simple thin plate is studied from two aspects of experiment and application.The influence of the vibration transfer of the complex hull slab-pedestal structure on the acoustic and vibration characteristics of the double-layer cylindrical shell (the typical structure of underwater vehicle) is discussed.First of all, the vibration transfer experiment of simple thin plate structure is carried out. The vibration resistance performance of hollow section vibration resistance structure is studied by using the vibration transfer function and its insertion loss as the evaluation criteria.The damping and damping performance of microcellular foamed butyl rubber and the vibration resistance of composite vibration resistant structure were studied, and the vibration transfer experiment of complex hull slab-base structure was carried out, and the mechanical admittance and insertion loss were used as the evaluation criteria.In this paper, the performance of the anti-vibration structure with hollow section inserted in the base structure is studied. The damping and damping performance of the base structure with damping layer and the damping property of the structure filled with particle damping in the structure with hollow cross-section are studied.On the basis of it, the performance of composite vibration resistance structure is studied.Secondly, the underwater model of double-layer cylindrical shell (power cabin of underwater vehicle) based on the FE-SEA hybrid method of wave coupling analysis is established, and the influence of different types of base and medium between shells on its acoustic and vibration characteristics is studied.In this paper, the acoustic and vibration characteristics of power equipment under excitation source and the prediction method of underwater acoustic vibration characteristics under multiple excitation sources are studied, and its effectiveness is pointed out.Finally, the influence of hollow cross-section vibration resistive composite structure on the acoustic and vibration characteristics of double-layer cylindrical shell with FE-SEA mixing method is studied.Taking the bulkhead base as the object, the section shape of the hollow section vibration resistance structure and the influence of the arrangement position on the acoustic vibration characteristic of the cylindrical shell are studied, and the vibration resistance performance of the hollow section vibration resistance structure is studied by taking the platform base as the object.The influence of the damping property of butyl rubber and the vibration resistance of composite structure on the acoustic and vibration characteristics of cylindrical shell, the design idea of vibration resistance around the base is extended,Thus, the hollow section vibration resistance structure is arranged at the junction of the pressure resistant shell and the shell, the platform structure and the bulkhead in the shell, and the acoustic and vibration characteristics of the cylindrical shell under the new connection are studied.From the point of view of experiment and application, this paper studies the structure of compound vibration resistance, analyzes its performance of vibration resistance, and points out that the excellent performance of the single way of damping vibration can effectively reduce the vibration of ship structure and achieve the purpose of reducing vibration and noise.The research results of this paper have reference value for the acoustic design of ship structure.
【学位授予单位】：江苏科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U661.44

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