海上风机气动性能和浮式平台水动力计算分析

发布时间：2018-04-24 12:38

本文选题：海上风机 + 气动性能　；参考：《上海交通大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着现代社会对能源需求的不断增加和传统能源的日益开采消耗,能源危机越来越凸显。人们开始寻找出路,于是将目光投向了新能源领域。风能尤其是海上风能作为一种清洁的、可再生的新能源,在近几年得到了充分的发展,越来越引起了各国政府的重视,成为了未来能源发展的重要方向。研究海上风机,对于发展海上风电,解决未来能源问题具有重要意义。本文以计算流体力学(Computational Fluid Dynamics,CFD)的开源软件平台Open FOAM为工具,利用数值模拟的方法计算了海上风机的气动性能、浮式平台在波浪中的水动力性能,以及海上风机对浮式平台运动响应的影响等初步耦合分析,并利用CFD方法能直接模拟三维粘性流场的优势,分析了海上风机的尾流场,为今后进行海上风机整体耦合分析奠定了基础。本文首先介绍了两种求解叶片旋转运动的方法:多重参考系法求解定常流场问题和滑移网格法求解非定常流场问题,并分别用螺旋桨和美国国家可再生能源实验室NREL Phase VI风机的标准算例对这两种方法进行了验证,表明了这两种方法的可靠性。在此基础上,针对海上风机的气动性能分析,首先研究了湍流模型、计算域大小以及不同偏航角等不同参数对数值模拟结果精确性的影响。然后,针对国际能源署(International Energy Agency,IEA)Task30的Offshore Code Comparison Collaboration Continuation(简称OC4)Phase II所用的NREL 5MW海上风机,分别用多重参考系法和滑移网格法计算了叶片的气动性能。并且为了研究塔影效应,计算了叶片带塔架时的气动性能。最后,针对海上风机的浮式平台,利用小组基于Open FOAM平台开发的naoe-FOAM-SJTU求解器计算了平台在波浪中的受力和运动响应。并采用等效的办法,将风机的影响等效为固定的力和矩施加在平台的旋转中心上,对比了此时平台的受力和运动响应,分析了自由面的速度场和压力场以及平台的压力分布的变化情况,研究了风机对平台水动力性能的影响。
[Abstract]:With the increasing demand for energy and the increasing exploitation and consumption of traditional energy in modern society, the energy crisis is becoming more and more prominent. People began to look for a way out, so they turned their eyes to the new energy field. Wind energy, especially offshore wind energy, as a kind of clean and renewable new energy, has been fully developed in recent years, which has attracted more and more attention of governments and become an important direction of energy development in the future. The study of offshore wind turbines is of great significance to the development of offshore wind power and the solution of future energy problems. In this paper, the open source software platform Open FOAM of Computational fluid Dynamics (CFD) is used to calculate the aerodynamic performance of offshore fan and the hydrodynamic performance of floating platform in waves by means of numerical simulation. The influence of offshore fan on the motion response of floating platform is analyzed, and the wake flow field of offshore fan is analyzed by using the advantage of CFD method which can directly simulate the three-dimensional viscous flow field. It lays a foundation for the whole coupling analysis of offshore fan in the future. In this paper, we first introduce two methods to solve the rotating motion of blades: the multiple reference system method to solve the steady flow field problem and the slip grid method to solve the unsteady flow field problem. The two methods are verified by the standard examples of propeller and NREL Phase VI fan in the National Renewable Energy Laboratory, and the reliability of the two methods is proved. Based on the analysis of aerodynamic performance of offshore fan, the effects of turbulence model, calculation domain size and different yaw angle on the accuracy of numerical simulation results are studied. Then, for the Offshore Code Comparison Collaboration continuation (referred to as OC4)Phase II) of Offshore Code Collaboration continuation (OC4)Phase II), the aerodynamic performance of the blade is calculated by the multiple reference system method and the slip grid method, respectively. In order to study the tower shadow effect, the aerodynamic performance of blade with tower was calculated. Finally, for the floating platform of offshore fan, using the naoe-FOAM-SJTU solver developed by the group based on Open FOAM platform, the force and motion response of the platform in wave are calculated. The effect of the fan is equivalent to the fixed force and moment applied to the rotating center of the platform by the equivalent method, and the force and the motion response of the platform are compared. The variation of velocity field and pressure field of the free surface and the pressure distribution of the platform are analyzed, and the influence of the fan on the hydrodynamic performance of the platform is studied.
【学位授予单位】：上海交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U661;U674.38

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