船用柴油机曲轴振动监测系统仿真与动平衡研究

发布时间：2018-06-27 17:19

本文选题：船用柴油机 + 曲轴　；参考：《大连海事大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：曲轴机构是船舶柴油机的重要运动部件,主要作用是运动形式的转变、承受着复杂的交变载荷等。在柴油机的有害振动、噪声的传递或耦合中,曲轴机构自身的不平衡振动是主要原因之一。为了降低柴油机不平衡振动以改善其工作性能和状态,延长其使用寿命并降低柴油机的功耗和日常维护与管理成本以及改善机舱工作环境,开展船舶柴油机曲轴机构的动平衡研究具有重要的意义。本课题在综合考虑船舶柴油机的实际工况和自身实验条件下,将船舶柴油机曲轴机构的动平衡方法选择现场动平衡技术,并针对曲轴机构的现场动平衡的关键技术展开研究分析,主要体现在以下几个方面：(1)在课题研究的概论部分,通过结合船舶柴油机实际运行工况,分别对本课题研究的背景、意义及目前国内外相关研究现状进行了系列化分析,考虑到本课题在研究过程中的自身条件与特点提出了相应的切合实际的研究目标、流程等。(2)船舶柴油机曲轴机构不平衡振动分析：课题结合船舶柴油机的结构与工作原理对其产生振动的原因、传递与耦合关系展开分析,并通过对曲轴机构动力学方面展开分析,总结其关键作用及其对系统的不利影响,综合目前常用的动平衡方法对引起曲轴机构的不平衡振动进行论述,进而为本课题现场动平衡技术研究提供理论指导与参考。(3)对船舶柴油机曲轴机构现场动平衡技术的综合设计：结合课题前期研究内容,在总体设计了船舶柴油机曲轴机构现场动平衡方法的基础上对柴油机曲轴机构的振动监测、校正机构设计、影响系数法、不平衡振动信号的提取等关键问题展开分析研究并给出了相应的解决措施,最终构建了船舶柴油机曲轴振动监测及动平衡系统。(4)实验研究：通过实验对曲轴机构的初始不平衡量进行测试、试重及影响系数测算、动平衡效果等方面的验证体现了本课题所构建的船舶柴油机现场动平衡系统的实施效果,而且实验结果表明本课题针对船舶柴油机所提出的曲轴机构现场动平衡方法是有效的。
[Abstract]:Crankshaft mechanism is an important moving part of marine diesel engine. In the transmission or coupling of harmful vibration and noise of diesel engine, the unbalanced vibration of crankshaft mechanism is one of the main reasons. In order to reduce the unbalanced vibration of diesel engine to improve its working performance and condition, to prolong its service life and to reduce the power consumption and the daily maintenance and management cost of diesel engine, and to improve the working environment of engine room, It is of great significance to study the dynamic balance of crankshaft mechanism of marine diesel engine. Considering the actual working conditions and experimental conditions of marine diesel engine, the dynamic balancing method of crankshaft mechanism of marine diesel engine is chosen in this paper. The research and analysis of the key technology of the field dynamic balance of the crankshaft mechanism are mainly reflected in the following aspects: (1) in the part of the introduction of the subject, by combining the actual operating conditions of the marine diesel engine, the background of this subject is studied respectively. The significance and the current research situation at home and abroad are analyzed in series. Considering the conditions and characteristics of this subject in the research process, the corresponding practical research objectives are put forward. (2) Analysis of the unbalanced vibration of the crankshaft mechanism of marine diesel engine: the subject combines the structure and working principle of the marine diesel engine to analyze the cause of its vibration, transmission and coupling relationship. By analyzing the dynamics of crankshaft mechanism and summarizing its key role and its adverse effect on the system, this paper discusses the unbalance vibration of crankshaft mechanism by synthesizing the commonly used dynamic balancing method. Furthermore, it provides theoretical guidance and reference for the field dynamic balancing technology research of this subject. (3) Comprehensive design of on-site dynamic balancing technology for marine diesel engine crankshaft mechanism: combined with the previous research content of the subject, Based on the overall design of dynamic balancing method of marine diesel engine crankshaft mechanism, the vibration monitoring, correcting mechanism design and influence coefficient method of diesel engine crankshaft mechanism are studied. The key problems, such as the extraction of unbalanced vibration signals, are analyzed and studied, and the corresponding solutions are given. Finally, the vibration monitoring and dynamic balancing system of marine diesel engine crankshaft is constructed. (4) Experimental study: the initial unbalance of crankshaft mechanism is measured by experiment, and the weight and influence coefficient are calculated. The verification of dynamic balancing effect reflects the effect of the dynamic balancing system of marine diesel engine, and the experimental results show that the dynamic balancing method of crankshaft mechanism proposed in this paper is effective.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U664.121

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