天津港三维模型重构技术研究

发布时间：2018-09-12 06:13

【摘要】：港口的三维模型是船舶操纵模拟器视景系统的重要组成部分,它是利用计算机图形图像技术,对港口场景进行三维建模,将港口实际场景虚拟化、信息数字化,为模拟器船舶操纵提供一个包含有多维信息的虚拟港口场景,学员进行模拟器训练,能够产生“沉浸”于等同真实港口环境的感受和体验,从而熟悉港口环境,熟悉船舶进出港口的各种航行操纵,最终实现学员通过模拟器训练,能够达到近似等同于实船训练的效果。港口区域一般面积广阔,地形复杂,对其地形建模就会占用模型数据库大量的多边形,属于大场景虚拟仿真。而且海河沿岸建设模型数量多又复杂,仅对港口进行简单三维建模就会生成庞大的三维模型数据库。而要创建更加逼真的三维场景,就需要更细致的三维模型,越多细致的模型需要越多的多边形数量,从而导致三维数据库过于庞大,最终反而影响仿真系统的运行效率。在模拟器系统开展的应用研究科研项目中,天津港港口区域面积宽阔,港口模型复杂,建模过程出现许多模型分布不合理、模型重复建设、模型面片的数据冗余超常等问题,加上项目时间进度较紧,造成建模仓促,没有很好的处理模型数据库结构和大小问题,最终建成的港口三维模型数据库过于庞大,模拟器系统加载港口视景费时且困难,漫游运行更出现面片丢失、模型走样以及图像迟滞等现象。庞大的模型数据库对建模过程中计算机硬件条件也提出很高的要求,对模型的维护也造成很大困难。港口码头是分阶段进行建设的,在后期的数据库维护中免不了要对模型进行编辑和增减。论文以天津港为研究对象,基于MultiGen Creator建模软件,对天津港口三维数据库进行重构优化。结合Creator的各种建模技术以及模拟器系统提供的各种建模插件,对数据库系统结构进行重新构建,构建一个不仅便于建模更便于管理的优秀的三维数据库结构系统,同时对地形三维进行重新建模,对实体模型进行优化,解决三维模型的“真实感”和“实时性”的矛盾。
[Abstract]:The 3D model of the port is an important part of the visual system of the ship maneuvering simulator. It makes use of the computer graphics and image technology to model the port scene, virtualizes the actual scene of the port and digitizes the information. To provide a virtual port scene with multidimensional information for the ship handling simulator, the trainees can train the simulator and generate the experience of "immersing" in the same real port environment, so as to familiarize themselves with the port environment. Familiar with all kinds of navigation operation of ship in and out of port, realize the trainee training through simulator finally, can achieve the effect of approximate equivalent to the training of real ship. Because of the wide area and complex terrain of the port area, the terrain modeling will occupy a large number of polygons in the model database, which belongs to the large scene virtual simulation. Moreover, there are many and complex models in the coastal construction of Haihe River, and a large database of 3D models will be generated by simply modeling the port. In order to create more realistic 3D scene, more detailed 3D models are needed, and the more detailed models are needed, the more polygons are needed, which results in too large a 3D database, which ultimately affects the efficiency of the simulation system. In the application research project of simulator system, Tianjin Port has wide area, complex port model, unreasonable distribution of many models, repeated construction of model, superfluous data redundancy and so on. In addition, due to the tight schedule of the project, the modeling is hasty, the structure and size of the model database are not handled well, the final 3D model database of the port is too large, and it is difficult and time-consuming for the simulator system to load the port view. Surface loss, model aliasing and image hysteresis are more common in roaming. The huge model database also puts forward the very high request to the computer hardware condition in the modeling process, also causes the very big difficulty to the model maintenance. Port wharf is built in stages, and it is necessary to edit and add or subtract the model in the later period of database maintenance. This paper takes Tianjin Port as the research object and optimizes the 3D database reconstruction of Tianjin Port based on MultiGen Creator modeling software. Combined with various modeling techniques of Creator and various modeling plug-ins provided by simulator system, the structure of database system is rebuilt, and an excellent 3D database structure system is constructed, which is not only convenient for modeling but also easier to manage. At the same time, the 3D terrain model is remodeled, and the solid model is optimized to solve the contradiction between "realistic" and "real-time" of 3D model.
【学位授予单位】：集美大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U666.158

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