基于可变容积的力加载装置研制

发布时间：2018-10-23 08:30

【摘要】：本文研究了一种基于可变容积的力加载装置。该加载装置用于模拟某舰船轴系在实际工作过程中受到的外部力负载，并可以在实验室环境下分析该轴系的动力学特性及其支撑轴承的受力情况。论文主要完成了以下工作： 1.根据加载装置的技术需求，阐述了加载装置的系统设计原理—采用密闭容积内电动缸伸缩挤压液体的方式实现对加载力的控制。介绍了系统采用的PID控制算法，并进行了简要的数学模型分析。在数学模型的基础上对系统进行了仿真，从理论上验证了基于可变容积研制力加载装置的可行性。 2.完成了力加载装置的硬件系统设计。对机械系统的强度与刚度问题进行了校核，并用Solidworks软件对机械装置进行了有限元仿真分析；介绍了力加载装置液压系统的设计原理，并进行了相应的选型和设计计算；构建了以倍福控制器为核心的控制系统。 3.完成了力加载装置的软件系统设计。基于Windows操作系统设计了上位机人机交互界面；编写了下位机控制代码，以及上位机与下位机之间相应的通讯模块。 4.对控制系统与液压系统进行了初步的调试试验，，得出了不同加载状况下的实验结果；对加载过程中相位滞后现象提出了工程优化方案，并比较了优化前后的实验结果。调试试验结果表明本文所研究的加载装置符合设计需求。
[Abstract]:A force loading device based on variable volume is studied in this paper. The loading device is used to simulate the external force load of a ship shafting in the actual working process, and can be used to analyze the dynamic characteristics of the shafting and the force situation of the supporting bearing in the laboratory environment. The main work of this paper is as follows: 1. According to the technical requirements of the loading device, the system design principle of the loading device is expatiated. The control of the loading force is realized by the way of the electric cylinder telescopic extruding liquid in the closed volume. The PID control algorithm used in the system is introduced, and the mathematical model is analyzed briefly. The system is simulated on the basis of mathematical model, and the feasibility of developing force loading device based on variable volume is verified theoretically. 2. The hardware system design of the force loading device is completed. The strength and stiffness of the mechanical system are checked, the finite element simulation analysis of the mechanical device is carried out with Solidworks software, the design principle of the hydraulic system of the force loading device is introduced, and the corresponding type selection and design calculation are carried out. The control system based on the Beifu controller is constructed. 3. 3. The software system design of the force loading device is completed. Based on Windows operating system, the man-machine interface of upper computer is designed, the control code of lower computer and the corresponding communication module between upper computer and lower computer are written. 4. The preliminary debugging test of control system and hydraulic system is carried out, and the experimental results under different loading conditions are obtained, and the engineering optimization scheme for phase hysteresis during loading is put forward, and the experimental results before and after optimization are compared. The test results show that the loading device in this paper meets the design requirements.
【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U664.21

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