自航式混凝土搅拌船配料称量系统的研究

发布时间：2018-10-24 08:14

【摘要】：混凝土作为在海洋建筑工程运作过程中的一种重要黏合剂，因工程需求的差异往往需要现场将各种原料按比例混合后，搅拌均匀并投入使用。因而，称重配料是混凝土生产过程中至关重要的环节。针对海上工程作业的实际特点，本文提出了一套自航式混凝土配料称量系统的整体设计方案，并重点针对动态称重和精度优化两个关键问题进行了研究。针对实际工作流程，设计了一套完整的工艺方案，采用三层式结构设计，完成了系统设备平台的构建，在保证完成生产任务的同时，节约了船体空间。针对功能的需求设计，系统能够完成现场实时监控、信息采集处理、数据报表管理、人机交互、监控系统保护和自诊断等功能。针对硬件平台的搭建，提出了由船载监控中心和现场控制单元两个部分构成的设计方案。现场控制单元由称重传感器、信号调理电路、仪表、PLC等构成，主要完成现场信息数据采集、处理和设备控制功能。船载监控中心设置在主机室，有工控机承担所有工作任务。针对系统精度优化问题，从称量方法、称量电路、配料过程、物料流量四个方面对压敏电阻接线方式，信号采集调理电路的共模干扰、热偶问题，噪声干扰等可能影响称重精度的因素进行了具体分析，并提出了相应的精度优化方案和改善措施。最后，生产流程的控制通过STEP-7编程软件编写的控制程序来实现，应用WinCC组态软件实现对系统的实时监控功能，设计出监控界面主要流程画面，，包括系统控制画面，故障诊断画面图，参数设置画面、参数核对和传输、数据存储和打印等。
[Abstract]:Concrete is an important adhesive in the process of ocean building engineering. Because of the difference of engineering demand, it is necessary to mix all kinds of raw materials in the field and mix them evenly and put them into use. Therefore, weighing and proportioning is the most important link in concrete production. According to the actual characteristics of offshore engineering work, this paper presents a whole design scheme of self-propelled concrete proportioning weighing system, and focuses on two key problems of dynamic weighing and precision optimization. According to the actual work flow, a complete process scheme is designed, and the three-layer structure is adopted to complete the construction of the system equipment platform, which ensures the completion of the production task and saves the hull space at the same time. According to the requirements of the function, the system can complete the functions of real-time monitoring, information collection and processing, data report management, man-machine interaction, monitoring system protection and self-diagnosis. Aiming at the construction of hardware platform, a design scheme composed of shipborne monitoring center and field control unit is proposed. The field control unit is composed of weighing sensor, signal conditioning circuit, instrument, PLC and so on. It mainly accomplishes the functions of data collection, processing and equipment control. Ship-borne monitoring center in the main room, industrial control computer to undertake all the work. Aiming at the problem of system precision optimization, the common mode interference and thermocouple problems of varistor wiring, signal acquisition and conditioning circuit are discussed from four aspects: weighing method, weighing circuit, batching process and material flow. The factors which may affect the weighing accuracy such as noise interference are analyzed in detail and the corresponding precision optimization scheme and improvement measures are put forward. Finally, the control of the production process is realized by the control program written by STEP-7 programming software. The real-time monitoring function of the system is realized by using the WinCC configuration software, and the main flow picture of the monitoring interface is designed, including the control screen of the system. Fault diagnosis picture, parameter setting screen, parameter checking and transmission, data storage and printing, etc.
【学位授予单位】：武汉理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U674.33

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