虚拟单元动态协调策略与调度问题研究

发布时间：2018-10-30 20:05

【摘要】：面对多品种、小批量的市场需求和复杂多变的生产环境，企业需要采取先进的生产制造方式和有效的车间调度控制技术，才能提升自己的生产制造能力、市场响应能力和整体竞争能力。虚拟单元制造系统(Virtual Cellular Manufacturing System, VCMS)作为一种兼顾生产柔性和效率的创新生产方式，集成了敏捷制造和精益生产的先进理念，面向任务以及生产工艺进行优化成组，同时在逻辑上动态重构，适时协调配置共享资源并且保证物流负荷平衡，进而优化整个动态调度的过程，因此，可以有效地提高系统的市场响应能力和动态调整能力。本文在深入分析虚拟单元制造系统相关理论和研究现状的基础上，，具体研究了周期与事件双驱动下的虚拟制造单元的动态调度问题。鉴于动态调度问题的复杂性，本文分为两步进行研究。首先从车间层的短期作业计划角度出发，研究了周期驱动条件下的虚拟制造单元多阶段动态调度问题并建立了动态调度数学模型。模型中考虑了加工任务需求、工件交货期、设备加工能力、负荷平衡等因素，且在每个时间阶段中提出了任务优先级的排序策略，充分考虑了共享资源的协调和分配，实现了最大完工时间和总物料运输距离加权和最小化的目标。并运用了启发式规则与蚁群算法相结合的混合算法进行求解，最终合理制定出了虚拟单元多个时间阶段的调度方案，并取得了较好的求解结果。考虑到实际生产环境的复杂性和多变性，在周期条件下生成的作业调度计划的基础之上，具体考虑了在某个时间阶段中发生机器故障事件影响下的动态调度调整过程。并提出了机器故障下的虚拟单元动态调度方法，依据受影响的工序集合和虚拟单元可利用资源能力进行决策分析，并采取右移和更改加工路径的混合重调度策略进行调度调整，以保证加工任务的顺利完成和系统的稳定运行。为了验证本文所提动态调度模型和策略方法的有效性，在对HZ船舶工程有限公司进行深入调研之后，详细分析了其目前存在的生产管理方面的突出问题，并将文中提出的虚拟单元动态调度方法应用到该公司的管子加工车间中，得到了满足生产柔性和动态要求的优化调度方案。最后的结果分析表明了文章所提方法的可行性和有效性。
[Abstract]:In the face of multi-variety, small-batch market demand and complex and changeable production environment, enterprises need to adopt advanced production and manufacturing methods and effective workshop scheduling and control technology in order to improve their production and manufacturing capabilities. Market responsiveness and overall competitiveness. Virtual cell manufacturing system (Virtual Cellular Manufacturing System, VCMS), as an innovative mode of production which takes into account both flexibility and efficiency, integrates the advanced concepts of agile manufacturing and lean production, and optimizes task and production process into groups. At the same time, the logic dynamic reconfiguration, timely coordination and allocation of shared resources and ensure logistics load balance, and then optimize the whole process of dynamic scheduling, therefore, can effectively improve the system's market response ability and dynamic adjustment ability. On the basis of deeply analyzing the theory and research status of virtual cell manufacturing system, the dynamic scheduling problem of virtual manufacturing cell driven by cycle and event is studied in this paper. In view of the complexity of the dynamic scheduling problem, this paper is divided into two steps to study. In this paper, the multi-stage dynamic scheduling problem of virtual manufacturing cells (VMCs) under the condition of periodic driving is studied and the mathematical model of dynamic scheduling is established from the point of view of short-term job scheduling at the workshop level. In the model, the factors such as task requirement, due date of workpiece, processing capacity of equipment, load balance and so on are considered, and the scheduling strategy of task priority is put forward in each time stage, and the coordination and allocation of shared resources are fully considered. The maximum completion time and the weighted sum of total material transportation distance are achieved. The hybrid algorithm combining heuristic rule and ant colony algorithm is used to solve the problem. Finally, the scheduling scheme for multiple time stages of the virtual cell is worked out reasonably, and good results are obtained. Considering the complexity and variability of the actual production environment, the dynamic scheduling adjustment process under the influence of machine fault events in a certain period of time is considered on the basis of the job scheduling plan generated under the periodic conditions. A dynamic scheduling method for virtual cells under machine failure is proposed. According to the affected process set and the ability of virtual cells to make use of resources, the decision analysis is carried out, and the mixed rescheduling strategy of moving to the right and changing the machining path is adopted to adjust the scheduling. To ensure the smooth completion of processing tasks and the stable operation of the system. In order to verify the effectiveness of the dynamic scheduling model and the policy method proposed in this paper, after the in-depth investigation of HZ Shipbuilding Engineering Co., Ltd, the prominent problems in production management are analyzed in detail. The virtual cell dynamic scheduling method proposed in this paper is applied to the pipe processing workshop of the company, and an optimal scheduling scheme is obtained to meet the production flexibility and dynamic requirements. The results show that the proposed method is feasible and effective.
【学位授予单位】：江苏科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U673

【参考文献】