破冰船的冰阻力估算方法研究

发布时间：2018-11-07 09:33

【摘要】：本文主要进行破冰船冰阻力估算方法的研究。破冰船的研究在国内非常少见，但是随着经济的发展，，石油价格的持续上涨，石油公司必须在新的区域寻找石油。世界的碳氢化合物25%位于北极地区，因此破冰船舶在极地地区的航行以及作业是现如今的一个极大的挑战。在极低的温度以及冰层覆盖的状况下，船舶的航行和破冰的进行面临着巨大的困难。在过去的几十年里，人们对船舶在冰中应该如何运行进行了很多的研究，如今人们已经可以很准确地预估破冰船在不同的冰况下如何很好地运行。在这么多年的研究过程中产生了许多不同的冰阻力估算公式，运用分析法和数值模拟的方法可以对船舶在不同冰况下的航行性能进行估算。虽然模型试验方法仍然是最准确的估算方法，但其他的方法也可以给出一些方向性的指导。本文对冰的物理和力学性质做了理论研究，对海冰的形成和发展以及破冰船的破冰方式作了简要的回顾。然后介绍几种不同的冰阻力估算方法，分别包括了LewisEdwards公式（1970年）、Lewis公式(1972年)、Edwards公式（1976年）、Lindqvist公式（1989），Keinonen公式（1996年）和Riska公式（1997年）。本文通过用挪威海岸警卫队船KV Svalbard号于2007年3月的一次探险中船舶冰负荷检测系统记录的载荷数据进行计算实尺度冰阻力计算，将该结果与前面几种阻力估算公式的估算结果进行对比和分析。最后对Lindqvist公式、Keinonen公式和Riska公式的计算结果做了敏感性分析。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the method of ice resistance estimation for icebreaker is studied. Icebreaker research is rare in China, but as the economy continues to rise and oil prices continue to rise, oil companies have to look for oil in new areas. Twenty-five percent of the world's hydrocarbons are located in the Arctic, so ice-breaking ships sailing and operating in polar regions are now a great challenge. Under the condition of extremely low temperature and ice cover, ship navigation and ice breaking are facing great difficulties. In the past few decades, people have carried out a lot of research on how ships should operate in ice. Nowadays, people can predict exactly how the icebreaker works well under different ice conditions. In the course of many years of research, many different ice resistance estimation formulas have been produced. The method of analytical method and numerical simulation can be used to estimate the navigation performance of ships under different ice conditions. Although the model test method is still the most accurate estimation method, other methods can also give some directional guidance. In this paper, the physical and mechanical properties of ice are theoretically studied, and the formation and development of sea ice and the ice breaking methods of icebreaker are briefly reviewed. Then several different ice resistance estimation methods are introduced, including LewisEdwards formula (1970), Lewis formula) (1972), Edwards formula (1976), Lindqvist formula (1989), Keinonen formula) and Riska formula (1997). In this paper, the real scale ice resistance is calculated by using the load data recorded by the ship ice load detection system during an expedition of the Norwegian Coast Guard ship KV Svalbard in March 2007. The results are compared and analyzed with those of the previous resistance estimation formulas. Finally, the sensitivity analysis of Lindqvist formula, Keinonen formula and Riska formula is made.
【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U674.21

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