翼帆回转系统液压特性及控制策略实验研究

发布时间：2019-06-16 15:14

【摘要】：近些年来,石油等化石燃料资源面临枯竭的问题日益凸显,造成国际原油价格不断攀升,国际相关组织对船舶排放的温室气体(C02)、氮氧化物(NOx)等强制管理,促使航运界探索节能减排的新技术、新方法。自古以来船舶对风能的利用证明了其有效性和可行性,因此世界各国掀起了对风力助航的研究和开发热潮。利用机翼型风帆(简称翼帆)辅助推进船舶航行时,其回转系统通常采用液压系统。该回转系统需根据风场情况,精确地调整和保持翼帆至最佳攻角,即要求翼帆的回转机构具有安全、可靠和稳定等特性。然而目前对回转系统的研究尚少且不够深入,因此对翼帆回转系统的研究,尤其是实验研究具有重要的理论和实用价值。论文首先基于一种升阻比较高的多段翼风帆的空气动力学特性,参考船舶甲板机械形式、原理,设计翼帆回转实验台及其液压驱动系统原理图；其次,根据翼帆受力情况,对实验台主要设备进行选型计算,完成翼帆回转实验台的搭建；再次,通过实验研究,得到系统转速、压力和风阻力矩负载扰动等特性；最后,提出翼帆回转基本控制策略,对起动、制动过程中控制信号类型和时长,以及非线性补偿控制进行实验研究,验证这些基本控制策略的有效性和可行性。论文基于翼帆回转实验台的实验研究,得到以下结论：所设计翼帆回转系统能够满足对翼帆回转和液压驱动系统特性的研究要求；随机风负载扰动对液压系统影响较大,在连续往复扰动下液压系统压力波动剧烈,不适合启用翼帆；起动、制动过程中,在正弦信号控制下,液压系统最稳定,起动、制动时间为2s最佳；非线性补偿控制能够提高翼帆回转精度。搭建的翼帆回转系统以及液压系统的特性为实船翼帆回转系统的设计和回转控制器的控制策略、算法的提出奠定了理论和实验基础。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the problem of depletion of fossil fuel resources such as oil has become increasingly prominent, resulting in the rising price of international crude oil. The mandatory management of greenhouse gases (CO2) and nitrogen oxide (NOx) emitted by ships by relevant international organizations has prompted the shipping industry to explore new technologies and methods for energy saving and emission reduction. Since ancient times, the utilization of wind energy by ships has proved its effectiveness and feasibility, so countries all over the world have set off an upsurge of research and development of wind navigation. When the airfoil sail is used to assist the navigation of the ship, the hydraulic system is usually used in the rotary system. According to the wind field, the rotary system needs to accurately adjust and maintain the wing sail to the best angle of attack, that is to say, the rotating mechanism of the wing sail is required to be safe, reliable and stable. However, at present, the research on the rotation system is still few and not deep enough, so the research on the wing sail rotation system, especially the experimental research, has important theoretical and practical value. Firstly, based on the aerodynamic characteristics of a multi-stage wing sail with high lift and drag, referring to the mechanical form and principle of the ship deck, the rotating test platform and its hydraulic drive system schematic diagram are designed. Secondly, according to the force of the wing sail, the main equipment of the test platform is selected and calculated, and the construction of the wing sail rotation test platform is completed. Thirdly, through experimental research, the characteristics of system speed, pressure and wind resistance moment load disturbance are obtained. finally, the basic control strategy of wing sail rotation is put forward, and the control signal type and time length in starting and braking process, as well as nonlinear compensation control are studied experimentally to verify the effectiveness and feasibility of these basic control strategies. Based on the experimental study of wing sail rotation test platform, the following conclusions are drawn: the designed wing sail rotation system can meet the research requirements of wing sail rotation and hydraulic drive system, and the random wind load disturbance has great influence on the hydraulic system, and the pressure fluctuation of hydraulic system is violent under continuous reciprocating disturbance, so it is not suitable to enable wing sail. In the process of starting and braking, under the control of sinusoidal signal, the hydraulic system is the most stable, the starting time is the best, and the nonlinear compensation control can improve the precision of wing sail rotation. The characteristics of the wing sail rotation system and hydraulic system lay a theoretical and experimental foundation for the design of the real ship wing sail rotation system and the control strategy of the rotation controller.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U664

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