高速爪极永磁同步电机驱动系统设计

发布时间：2018-01-05 15:36

本文关键词：高速爪极永磁同步电机驱动系统设计　出处：《沈阳工业大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着社会生产力的提高,对生产水平的要求也不断提高。电机的种类迅速增多,其控制技术也正迅速发展。永磁同步电动机在众多电机中以其体积小、能量效率高、转矩脉动小、噪声低等诸多优点引起了广泛关注,尤其在高速领域诸如压缩机、高速铣床、水泵等对永磁同步电机的需求日益增高。高速电机由于在高频下工作,以往的带有传统机械式传感器的反馈方式不再适用,且其产生的高次谐波对定子损耗,转子损耗以及转矩脉动均有较大危害,对无传感器控制技术提出了极大需求。因此,针对高速爪极永磁同步电机的特殊性,本文在综合考虑高速永磁爪极电机在高速及低速情况下的控制要求对高速爪极永磁同步电机驱动系统进行了设计,并在Matlab/Simulink上进行仿真分析。首先针对几种高速永磁爪极电机的特性确定了其具有永磁电机启动困难及高速情况下需要较好的动态特性等特点,在此基础上设计了高速永磁爪极同步电机的数学模型。其次考虑高速电机主要工作在高速域情况下,设计结合滑模观测器的DTC-SVM控制系统,保证电机在高速域情况下有较好稳定性且有较好的动态特性。再次,针对高速电机在中高速情况下,对传统滑模观测器进行改进,加入定子电阻在线辨识环节,使电机运行过程中定子电阻的变化对电机控制系统的影响最小,并引入锁相环环节,使其对反电动势的估计更为准确。在低速域情况下,考虑电机转子位置确定的困难,引入带有矢量变换的高频脉振注入法以实现电机的自启动。最后,结合以上设计内容,设计两种位置估计方法的切换模块,设计出一种包含高频脉振注入法和滑模观测法的复合控制方法,使电机在低速域和中高速速域下能够平滑过渡。并在MATLAB/SIMULINK中进行仿真,经仿真分析本文所设计的控制器具有较好的控制特性。
[Abstract]:With the improvement of social productivity, the level of production requirements are also rising. The type of motor increased rapidly and its control technology is developing rapidly. The permanent magnet synchronous motor in many motor with its small volume, high energy efficiency, small torque ripple and low noise advantages has aroused widespread concern, especially in the fields such as high speed high speed milling machine, compressor, pump and increasing the permanent magnet synchronous motor. High speed motor due to work in high frequency, the feedback mode with traditional mechanical sensors in the past is no longer applicable, and the harmonics of stator loss, rotor loss and torque ripple have great harm, the sensorless control technology put forward greatly the demand for high speed. Therefore, the particularity of claw pole permanent magnet synchronous motor, based on the comprehensive consideration of the high speed permanent magnet claw pole motor in high speed and low speed control case System requirements for high-speed claw pole permanent magnet synchronous motor drive system is designed, and simulation analysis is carried out on the Matlab/Simulink. Firstly, several characteristics of high speed permanent magnet claw pole motor with high speed and difficult to determine the situation need better dynamic characteristics the characteristics of permanent magnet motor, was designed based on the mathematical model of high speed the claw pole permanent magnet synchronous motor. Secondly considering the main work of high speed motor in high speed domain case, combined with the design of sliding mode observer DTC-SVM control system, to ensure that the motor has better stability and better dynamic characteristics in high speed domain case. Again, for high speed motor in high speed condition, the traditional sliding mode observer is improved and join the stator resistance on-line identification link, so that the stator resistance change in the process of motor running effect of the motor control system is minimum, and the introduction of the lock ring section The estimation of back EMF is more accurate. In case of a low velocity region, considering the difficulty of determining the rotor position, since the launch of introducing high frequency pulsating with vector transform to realize motor injection method. Finally, combining the above design content, design two kinds of position estimation method of switching module, design a composite control a method includes high frequency pulsating injection method and the sliding mode observation method, the motor can be a smooth transition in the low speed high speed domain domain. And simulation is carried out in MATLAB/SIMULINK, the simulation analysis of the designed controller has better control characteristics.

【学位授予单位】：沈阳工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM341

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