环境无线电波能量获取系统研究

发布时间：2018-01-11 04:02

本文关键词：环境无线电波能量获取系统研究　出处：《西南科技大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着物联网的兴起,无线传感网络的普及,以及集成电路工艺的提升,低功耗通信系统将会成为未来的发展趋势,无线传感网络将逐步发展到超低功耗工作模式。而且无线通信的快速发展,使得环境中的无线电波能量越来越丰富,无线传感网络通过使用环境中的无线电波能量自行供电将成为可能。无线电波能量获取中两个主要的部分就是:整流电路和接收天线。为了实现无线电波能量的有效获取,就需要提高天线的接收效率和整流电路的整流效率,尽量减少能量损失,因此接收天线的性能和整流效率在能量获取系统中尤为重要。本文为了能够充分利用环境中无线电波能量,对宽带共面波导微带偶极子天线和宽带矩形贴片圆极化天线进行了研究和设计。通过对偶极子贴片天线采用环形渐变结构,实现2.2~3.3GHz宽带谐振的目的。通过对宽带矩形贴片天线开槽和添加辅助辐射贴片,构成外场微扰,从而实现天线在1.7~2.6GHz内的宽带圆极化,对应的圆极化频率范在1.8~2.4GHz,并对天线进行了加工测试。整流电路的主要目的是对天线接收到的电磁波能量进行整流,将接收到的RF能量转换为直流能量。因此整流电路的设计直接关系整流后的直流输出电压和输出效率的大小。本文通过对二极管整流电路的工作原理进行分析,选取适合RF能量获取的整流二极管,最终采用肖特基二极管二倍压整流结构,在ADS中进行谐波平衡仿真,实现了RF整流的功能。为了实现整流系统的最小能量损耗,和最大整流效率,对天线和整流电路进行了宽带阻抗匹配网络的设计和分析,通过设计优化宽带阻抗匹配网络,最终采用扇形微带线匹配结构进行版图和原理图联合仿真,实现了0d Bm输入功率条件下,1.7~2.6GHz范围整流效率达到23%~42%,对应的直流输出电压为0.43~0.58V。并对宽带圆极化天线和整流电路进行了加工测试,测试出来宽带圆极化天线的谐振频率为1.8~2.5GHz。测试出整流电路在0d Bm输入功率条件下,1.7~2.6GHz范围内的直流输出电压为0.12~0.25V。验证了整个系统的整流效果,实现了0d Bm输入功率条件下1.7~2.6GHz宽频RF整流目的。
[Abstract]:With the rise of the Internet of things, the popularity of wireless sensor networks, and the improvement of integrated circuit technology, low-power communication systems will become the development trend in the future. Wireless sensor networks will gradually develop to ultra-low power consumption mode, and the rapid development of wireless communication, making the environment of radio wave energy more and more abundant. It will be possible for wireless sensor networks to power themselves by using radio wave energy in the environment. The two main components of radio wave energy acquisition are:. Rectifier circuits and receiving antennas. In order to achieve the effective acquisition of radio wave energy. It is necessary to improve the receiving efficiency of the antenna and the rectifying efficiency of the rectifier circuit so as to reduce the loss of energy as much as possible. Therefore, the performance and rectifying efficiency of the receiving antenna are very important in the energy acquisition system. In order to make full use of the radio wave energy in the environment. The broadband coplanar waveguide microstrip dipole antenna and broadband rectangular patch circular polarization antenna are studied and designed. By slotting the broadband rectangular patch antenna and adding the auxiliary radiation patch, the external field perturbation is formed. Thus the circular polarization of the antenna is realized at 1.7GHz and 2.6GHz, and the corresponding frequency of circular polarization is at 1.8Gz2.4GHz. The main purpose of the rectifier circuit is to rectify the electromagnetic wave energy received by the antenna. The RF energy received is converted to DC energy. Therefore, the design of rectifying circuit is directly related to the magnitude of DC output voltage and output efficiency after rectifying. The working principle of diode rectifier circuit is analyzed in this paper. . Select the rectifier diode suitable for RF energy acquisition, and finally adopt the Schottky diode double voltage rectifier structure, and carry out harmonic balance simulation in ADS. The function of RF rectifier is realized. In order to realize the minimum energy loss and maximum rectifying efficiency of the rectifier system, the broadband impedance matching network of antenna and rectifier circuit is designed and analyzed. By designing and optimizing the wideband impedance matching network, finally using the sector microstrip line matching structure to simulate the layout and schematic diagram, and realizing the 0dBm input power condition. The rectifier efficiency of 1.7g / 2.6GHz is 23 / 42.The corresponding DC output voltage is 0.430.58V. and the processing test of the wide band circular polarization antenna and rectifier circuit is carried out. The resonant frequency of the wideband circular polarization antenna is 1. 8 ~ 2. 5 GHz. The rectifier circuit is tested at 0dBm input power. The DC output voltage in the range of 1.7g 2.6GHz is 0.12V 0.25V. the rectifying effect of the whole system is verified. The purpose of RF rectifying at 1.7 ~ 2.6GHz is realized under the input power of 0dBm.
【学位授予单位】：西南科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM619

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