表面贴式永磁同步电机低速无传感器控制研究

发布时间：2018-01-11 23:03

本文关键词：表面贴式永磁同步电机低速无传感器控制研究　出处：《沈阳工业大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：永磁同步电机(PMSM)以其高效、节能、调速性能好的特点在各工业领域被广泛应用。在PMSM的调速系统中,需要获取电机的转子位置和速度信号以保证对永磁同步电机的闭环控制,最直接的方式就是在电机的转子轴上外加速度/位置传感器,但其价格昂贵,可靠性差,占用空间且维修更换繁琐,因此人们转为对无速度传感器控制技术的研究。其中在低速运行时,表面贴式永磁同步电机(SPMSM)由于凸极效应不明显,以往的控制方法效果较差,本文针对此情况,采用低频信号注入法,该方法不依赖电机的参数和凸极特性,对SPMSM低速下无传感器运行具有良好的控制效果。本文首先介绍永磁同步电机的结构分类、数学模型以及坐标变换,分析矢量控制中的空间矢量脉宽调制技术(SVPWM),并根据该理论在MATLAB/SIMULINK中搭建Clarke变换、Park变换和SVPWM模块,建立完整的(28)0di的矢量控制系统模型并进行仿真。其次,分析低频信号注入法的原理,基于低频信号注入法在MATLAB/SIMULINK中建立表面贴式永磁同步电机的无传感器控制模型,用转速估算模块替代速度传感器估计电机速度,分析并选取合适的注入信号,在负载、速度突变的条件下对电机的运行进行仿真实验。最后,搭建了以TMS320F28335数字信号处理器为主控芯片的系统实验平台。其中,逆变器选用PS21867型智能功率模块,并设计了电流电压采样、驱动、滤波、隔离等硬件电路,实现对一台额定功率1.8kW的永磁同步电机的控制。在CCS6.0环境下对控制系统主程序、中断子程序和软件算法进行编写,并给出程序流程图。
[Abstract]:PMSM (permanent Magnet synchronous Motor) is widely used in various industrial fields because of its high efficiency, energy saving and good speed regulation performance. It is necessary to obtain rotor position and speed signals to ensure the closed-loop control of permanent magnet synchronous motor. The most direct way is the acceleration / position sensor on the rotor shaft of the motor, but its price is expensive. The reliability is poor, the space is occupied and the maintenance and replacement is complicated, so people turn to the speed sensorless control technology, which is in low speed operation. Because the salient effect of SPMSM is not obvious, the former control method is poor. In this paper, the low frequency signal injection method is used to solve this problem. This method does not depend on the parameters and salient characteristics of the motor, and has good control effect on the sensorless operation of SPMSM at low speed. Firstly, the structure classification of PMSM is introduced in this paper. Mathematical model and coordinate transformation, the space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) technology in vector control is analyzed. According to this theory, Clarke transform and SVPWM module are built in MATLAB/SIMULINK. A complete vector control system model is established and simulated. Secondly, the principle of low frequency signal injection method is analyzed. Based on the low frequency signal injection method, the sensorless control model of surface mount permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) is established in MATLAB/SIMULINK, and the speed estimation module is used instead of the speed sensor to estimate the motor speed. Analysis and selection of appropriate injection signals, under the load, speed mutation conditions of the motor operation simulation experiment. Finally. A system experiment platform with TMS320F28335 digital signal processor as the main control chip is built. Among them, the inverter adopts PS21867 intelligent power module, and designs the current and voltage sampling. Drive, filter, isolation and other hardware circuits to achieve a rated power of 1.8 kW permanent magnet synchronous motor control. In the CCS6.0 environment to control the main program of the system. Interrupt subroutine and software algorithm to write, and give the flow chart of the program.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM341

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