压缩机用超高速兆瓦级永磁电机损耗研究及温升计算

发布时间：2018-01-12 09:37

本文关键词：压缩机用超高速兆瓦级永磁电机损耗研究及温升计算　出处：《沈阳工业大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：高速电机由于转速高,可与负载直接相连,省去了传统的增速箱。传统电机的体积比高速电机要大,采用高速电机直驱的方式可以减小设备的体积,还能减小振动噪音和提高系统的传动效率。高速电机应用非常广泛,不仅能用在天然气输送高速离心压缩机上,还能用在高速机床加工中心、飞轮储能以及特种工况分布式发电系统等工况,但由于其速度高、损耗密度大,会存在转子强度和温升过高等问题,使超高速兆瓦级永磁电机的研究存在较大难度。国内外对超高速兆瓦级永磁电机缺少设计经验和规律,冷却系统设计及其温升计算等方面存在一定的难度。首先,本文基于1.2MW,18000r/min压缩机用超高速兆瓦级永磁电机,对超高速兆瓦级永磁电机的定转子结构、电机极数和槽数配合、永磁体材料的选择、气隙大小选取等对电机性能的影响进行研究,总结出超高速兆瓦级永磁电机设计方法及规律。其次,研究高压高速电机的扁铜线绕组高频铜耗。采用2D有限元的方法对扁铜线绕组高频下的交流铜耗进行研究,分析了电流频率和载波比、槽口高度、导体尺寸和位置、并绕根数对绕组交流铜耗的影,并采用基于有限元法改进的Taguchi算法优化出不同频率下扁铜线的最佳宽厚比。最后提出了一种能够降低并绕导体之间环流的新型的极相组线圈之间的换位连接方式。此外,研究了电机的定子不同位置的磁化特点和提出一种考虑两种磁化方式、趋肤效应以及谐波的铁耗计算模型,搭建了实际的变频器电路模型,采用瞬态场路结合有限元法对转子涡流损耗进行分析,并分析了定子斜槽角度、不同气隙长度以及逆变器载波比对转子涡流损耗的影响。最后针对超高速兆瓦级永磁电机功率密度和损耗密度大、散热困难的问题,采用定子水冷与转子和定子槽内风冷相结合的冷却方式,机壳采用螺旋水道,转子和定子槽风道采用轴向通风道,建立了温度场计算模型,分析了流风速、水流速以及螺旋水道宽度对电机各个部位温度的影响。
[Abstract]:High speed motor can be directly connected with the load, which saves the traditional speed box. The volume of the traditional motor is larger than that of the high speed motor, and the volume of the equipment can be reduced by adopting the direct drive mode of the high speed motor. It can also reduce vibration noise and improve the transmission efficiency of the system. High speed motor is widely used not only in natural gas conveying high speed centrifugal compressor but also in high speed machine tool machining center. Flywheel energy storage and special conditions of distributed power generation system, but because of its high speed and loss density, there will be high rotor strength and temperature rise problems. It is very difficult to study super high speed megawatt permanent magnet motor. The design experience and rule of super high speed megawatt permanent magnet motor are lacking at home and abroad. There are some difficulties in the design of cooling system and the calculation of temperature rise. Firstly, based on 1.2MW 18000r / min compressor, super high speed megawatt permanent magnet motor is used in this paper. The effects of stator and rotor structure of super high speed megawatt permanent magnet motor, the number of poles and slots of the motor, the selection of permanent magnet material and the selection of air gap on the performance of the motor are studied. Summarize the design method and law of super high speed megawatt permanent magnet motor. Secondly. The high frequency copper consumption of the flat copper wire winding of high voltage high speed motor is studied. The AC copper consumption of the flat copper wire winding at high frequency is studied by 2D finite element method. The current frequency, carrier wave ratio and slot height are analyzed. The size and position of the conductor, and the number of winding roots on the AC winding of the shadow of copper consumption. The Taguchi algorithm based on the finite element method is used to optimize the optimum width-thickness ratio of the rectangular copper wire at different frequencies. Finally, a new type of pole-phase coils which can reduce the circulation between conductors is proposed. Transposition connection. The magnetization characteristics of motor stator at different positions are studied, and a calculation model of iron consumption considering two magnetization modes, skin effect and harmonic is proposed, and an actual inverter circuit model is built. The rotor eddy current loss is analyzed by transient field circuit and finite element method, and the stator slant angle is analyzed. The influence of different air gap length and carrier ratio of inverter on rotor eddy current loss. Finally, aiming at the problem of high power density and loss density of super high speed megawatt permanent magnet motor, it is difficult to dissipate heat. The cooling mode of stator water cooling combined with rotor and air cooling in stator slot is adopted. The spiral channel is used in the shell and the axial ventilation channel is used in the rotor and stator slot air duct. The temperature field calculation model is established and the flow velocity is analyzed. The effect of water velocity and the width of spiral channel on the temperature of various parts of the motor.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM351

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