振荡浮子波浪能发电装置主浮体及系泊系统动力特性研究

发布时间：2018-01-15 18:02

本文关键词：振荡浮子波浪能发电装置主浮体及系泊系统动力特性研究　出处：《山东大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着全球资源的不断利用,化石能源储藏量的逐步减少,刺激了新能源科技的不断开发。海洋能(特别是波浪能等)的开发和利用由于环境的污染加重开始成一个热门话题,各种各样的波浪能发电装置模型开始逐渐被制作并投入试验。不同原理和结构的波能转换装置不断涌现,专利更是数以千计。本文研究对象为山东大学研制的120kw波浪能发电装置,其结构可分为三部分:浮子,相当于装置"动子"随波浪运动捕获波浪能,运动频谱和波浪频率越接近越好;主浮体,相当于装置"定子",承载波浪发电装置发电系统,要避开波浪频率越稳定越好;系泊系统对波浪能发电装置系泊和定位,在极端海况下保证波浪能发电装置安全运行。文章针对波浪能发电装置主浮体稳定性和系泊系统在极端海况下的有效性进行动力特性和运动性能进行分析。首先,针对当今波浪发电装置的发电原理、类别等进行了系统介绍,并对当下比较具有代表性的几种波浪发电装置进行详细描述。针对海洋中浮体的定位和安全,对海洋结构物及波浪能发电装置系泊系统进行介绍,并列出波浪发电装置和其他海洋平台差异。对海洋结构物水动力分析理论进行介绍,包括基本方程、边界条件和水动力系数的求解等。其次,在不影响主浮体结构完整性的前提下,对其三维模型进行部分结构的简化以加快仿真效率并减少出错。模型导入AQWA中各进行时域分析以获取主浮体的水动力参数,对其不同波频和浪向对其水动力参数的影响规律进行总结,同时也为下文中的时域分析和计算提供数据基础。然后,利用已获取的水动力参数参照海试地点实际海况在AQWA中编写DECK对主浮体及系泊系统在不同海况下进行时域分析。探索作业海况下系泊系统的存在和锚链参数的改变对波浪发电装置运动特性的影响。并在极端海况下,研究不同锚链直径、系泊点坐标及系泊方案对主浮体运动特性的影响规律,优化原有方案。通过对系泊参数分析表明,锚链直径越大,系泊半径越大,主浮体垂荡的幅度越小。系泊半径对纵荡影响规律不明显,但是锚链直径越大,纵摇幅度越大。采用四条锚链并不能更好的提高系泊系统性能。对优化后的方案进行极端海况下的仿真模拟,得到系泊缆的张力、躺链长度变化等,验证优化方案的可行性。最终,在时域分析中模拟系泊系统出现一条锚链破损后对主浮体的影响。仿真模拟显示优化方案可以使主浮体更好的运行,并且当系泊系统出现部分损坏后依然可以保证装置的正常运行。最后,对波浪能发电装置主浮体结构进行频域和时域分析,研究不同重心位置、不同垂荡板形状和开孔方案对主浮体动力特性和运动性能的影响。研究表明,浮体垂荡受重心位置在竖直方向的上下移动影响微小而主浮体纵摇运动的固有周期对不同的重心位置比较敏感。垂荡板形状尺寸会影响主浮体垂荡和纵摇RAO峰值而不影响固有周期。垂荡板开孔后垂荡固有周期略微减小和垂荡RAO峰值根据开孔方式不同变化不一,会增加纵摇幅度。垂荡板开设阻尼孔可以提高主浮体的水动力性能,减弱主浮体垂荡,改变主浮体固有周期。
[Abstract]:With the continuous use of global resources, fossil energy reserves gradually reduced, to stimulate the development of new energy technology. Ocean energy (especially wave energy) development and utilization due to environmental pollution aggravated began to become a popular topic, a variety of wave energy generation device model has been started and put into production test. The principle and structure of the wave energy conversion device patents continue to emerge, it is in the thousands. The study object of this article is developed by Shandong University 120kw wave power device, the structure can be divided into three parts: float, the equivalent of "dynamic" device with wave motion capture wave energy spectrum and wave frequency motion, the closer the better; the main floating body, the equivalent of "stator" power device, wave power system load, to avoid the wave frequency is more stable and better; generator mooring and positioning of mooring system in extreme sea waves. Under the condition of ensuring the safe operation of wave power generation device. According to the wave energy effectively in the extreme sea conditions of the main floating body power generation device stability and performance of mooring system dynamic characteristics and motion analysis. Firstly, according to the generation principle of the wave power generation device, and other categories are introduced, and on the comparison with several waves the representative of the power generation device is described in detail. According to the location in the ocean floating body and safety of offshore structures and wave power generation device of mooring system are introduced, and a list of wave power generation device and other ocean platform differences. For the introduction of water dynamic analysis theory of marine structures, including the basic equations, boundary conditions and water the power coefficient is. Secondly, in the premise of not affecting the integrity of the main structure of the floating body, the 3D model is simplified structure to speed up the efficiency of simulation And to reduce the error. The hydrodynamic parameters in the AQWA model into the time domain analysis to obtain the main floating body, the different wave frequency and wave to the influence of the hydrodynamic parameters are summarized, and also provide basis for data analysis and time domain below. Then, according to the actual sea conditions in the sea test location AQWA DECK in the preparation of the main floating body and mooring system in time domain is analyzed in different sea conditions. The hydrodynamic parameters have been obtained to explore the influence of mooring system operation conditions and anchor parameters on the motion characteristics of the wave power device. And in the extreme sea conditions, study the different effects of mooring chain diameter, coordinates and the mooring scheme on body movement characteristics of the main float, the optimization of the original scheme. Based on the parameters of mooring analysis shows that the cable diameter is larger, the greater the radius of the mooring, the main floating body heave magnitude smaller radius of mooring. The surge influence is not obvious, but the chain the larger diameter, pitch is greater. The performance improvement of four anchor mooring system and can not be better. Simulation under extreme sea conditions to get the optimized scheme, mooring line tension, lying chain length changes, check feasibility of optimization scheme finally, in the analysis of time domain simulation of mooring system influence on the main floating body of a damaged cable. The simulation shows that the optimization scheme can make the main floating body work better, and when the normal operation of the mooring system some damage can still guarantee device. Finally, the wave energy in frequency domain and time domain analysis of the main floating power generation device structure, study the different position of the center of gravity, effect of Heave Plate Shape and hole scheme on the main floating body dynamic characteristics and motion performance. The study shows that the floating body heave by the position of the center of gravity in the vertical direction The moving of tiny natural period of the main effect of floating body pitching motion on the different position of the center of gravity is sensitive. Heave Plate will affect the shape and size of the main floating body heave and pitch RAO peak without affecting the natural period. Heave plate hole and the heave natural cycle decreases slightly and heave RAO the peak value according to the opening mode of different changes in different, will increase the amplitude of swing. Heave Plate setting damping hole can improve the hydrodynamic performance of the main floating body, weaken the main floating body heave, change the main floating body natural period.

【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM612

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