独立光伏发电系统中蓄能研究与设计

发布时间：2018-01-16 19:37

本文关键词：独立光伏发电系统中蓄能研究与设计　出处：《安徽理工大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：太阳能作为绿色新型的能源,已经受到世界各国的关注。其中光伏发电是太阳能使用最为广泛的一种方式,具有非常良好的前景,成为目前研究的重点之一。独立光伏发电系统,作为光伏发电的一种方式,已经被很多人接受并使用。而在独立光伏发电系统中快速寻找到最大功率点并且能够保持稳定对整个系统的工作效率有很大影响;同时,储能设备作为独立光伏发电系统的重要组成部分,其使用时间的长短以及充电方式的合理性对系统的经济性、实用性也有很大影响。并且用户在搭建系统时,蓄电池和光伏阵列容量的合理匹配可以在很大程度减少经济成本,此外在对独立光伏发电系统的日常使用中,对其进行有效的防雷保护也可以很大程度上减少经济损失。因此对独立光伏发电中MPPT、储能设备的充电方式以及容量计算和系统防雷措施的研究具有十分重要的意义。本文首先介绍了国内外光伏发电以及储能技术的现状以及对独立光伏发电系统框架进行分析,并且对光伏电池特性进行分析研究,在根据其原理,利用仿真软件,搭建出仿真模型,通过输出波形证明其特性。再对几种经典的最大功率跟踪法进行分析比较,并且使用MATLAB仿真软件进行仿真验证,进行波形比较,分析其各自的优劣性。最后提出一种优化的MPPT算法,并仿真后得出波形与之前的算法波形进行分析比较,验证其优点。其次为提高独立光伏发电系统中蓄电池的使用寿命和充电效率,提出几种充电方式,并分析比较,在原有的三段式充电方式上进行优化,将MPPT最大功率跟踪法和阶段式充电法相结合使用,并在原有的三段式基础上,增加为四段式充电方式,并且提出一套充电策略。在MATLAB仿真软件上,进行仿真模型搭建,仿真结果证明其策略可以有效的提高蓄电池的充放电方式的效率。最后,本文就独立太阳能光伏发电系统提出一套工程设计,包括光伏阵列和蓄电池的容量设计方法、并在原有的基础上,提出一套容量优化设计方案,有效减少了搭建独立光伏系统的经济成本。同时,在设计防雷技术上时,在原本的外部防雷技术上增加法拉第笼,可以有效的抵御电磁脉冲作用,提高了防雷效果。并设计了三级内部防雷措施,以及对接地电阻的选择。
[Abstract]:Solar energy, as a new green energy, has been concerned by the world. Photovoltaic power generation is the most widely used way of solar energy, and has a very good prospect. Independent photovoltaic power generation system, as a way of photovoltaic power generation, has become one of the key research areas. It has been accepted and used by many people, and finding the maximum power point in the independent photovoltaic power generation system quickly and maintaining stability has a great impact on the efficiency of the whole system. At the same time, energy storage equipment as an important part of the independent photovoltaic power generation system, the length of its use time and the rationality of the charging mode of the system economy. The practicability also has a great influence. And the reasonable matching of battery and photovoltaic array capacity can greatly reduce the economic cost when users build the system, in addition to the daily use of independent photovoltaic power system. Effective lightning protection can also reduce the economic losses to a large extent. Therefore, the MPPT in independent photovoltaic power generation. It is of great significance to study the charging mode, capacity calculation and lightning protection measures of energy storage equipment. Firstly, this paper introduces the current situation of photovoltaic power generation and energy storage technology at home and abroad and its frame for independent photovoltaic power generation system. Frame for analysis. And the characteristics of photovoltaic cells are analyzed and studied. According to the principle of photovoltaic cells, the simulation model is built by using simulation software. Through the output waveform to prove its characteristics. Then several classical maximum power tracking methods are analyzed and compared, and the MATLAB simulation software is used to verify the waveform comparison. Finally, an optimized MPPT algorithm is proposed, and the simulation results show that the waveform is compared with that of the previous algorithm. Verify its advantages. Secondly, in order to improve the battery life and charging efficiency in the independent photovoltaic power system, several charging methods are proposed and compared, and the original three-stage charging mode is optimized. The MPPT maximum power tracking method is used in combination with the stage charging method, and on the basis of the original three-stage charging method, it is added to the four-stage charging mode. And put forward a set of charging strategy. In the MATLAB simulation software, the simulation model is built, the simulation results show that the strategy can effectively improve the efficiency of battery charging and discharging. Finally. This paper presents a set of engineering design for independent solar photovoltaic system, including the capacity design method of photovoltaic array and battery, and on the basis of the original, puts forward a set of capacity optimization design scheme. At the same time, in the design of lightning protection technology, in the original external lightning protection technology to increase Faraday cage, can effectively resist electromagnetic pulse action. The lightning protection effect is improved, and three-stage internal lightning protection measures are designed, as well as the selection of grounding resistance.
【学位授予单位】：安徽理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM615

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