横向磁通永磁直线热声发电机空间磁场计算及特性分析

发布时间：2018-01-18 08:15

本文关键词：横向磁通永磁直线热声发电机空间磁场计算及特性分析　出处：《沈阳工业大学》2017年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：热声发电技术是当前可再生能源研究领域研究热点,具有热源适应性好、效率高、结构简单紧凑、使用寿命长的特点。热声发电系统主要由热声发动机和直线发电机两部分组成。热声发电系统采用横向磁通永磁直线热声发电机作为系统的机电能量转换装置。由于直线电机端部磁场产生回复性质的磁阻力,当电机磁阻力及机械弹簧合力与系统运行频率对应驱动力不匹配将影响热声发电系统机械谐振状态,降低系统电能输出。另一方面,穿片磁场是横向磁通永磁直线热声发电机的特殊问题,穿片磁场会引起较大的涡流损耗。本文围绕横向磁通永磁直线电机空间磁场展开研究,得到电磁-机械耦合参数,并将参数代入解析模型中对热声发电系统工作状态进行分析,全文主要研究内容如下。结合热声发电系统声波驱动力运行特性,为保证系统电能稳定输出以及保持直线发电机与热声发电系统处于同步谐振状态,选定横向磁通永磁直线电机作为热声发电系统机电能量转换装置。相较于传统直线电机,横向磁通永磁直线电机简单可靠,叠装工艺易于实现,同时轴向无齿槽结构可提高其应用于高频短行程运行状态的平稳性。采用叠加法建立横向磁通永磁直线电机等效磁路模型求取电机电磁阻力表达式,通过数值解析分析横向磁通永磁直线电机力学特性与热声发电系统声波驱动力的匹配关系。横向磁通永磁直线电机轴向及横向相邻永磁体极性相异,其端部磁场呈现复杂的三维空间分布,目前缺乏相关内容的研究。为求取影响电机磁阻力的轴向端部磁场,提出端部磁场空间解耦分析方法,实现轴向端部漏磁解耦计算,进而求取端部磁阻力。以此为基础,得出横向磁通永磁直线电机等效劲度系数的计算方法,从而将电机的磁阻力与系统机械特性结合起来,简化后续对热声发电系统工作特性的分析,并保证系统电能的稳定输出。为后续研究热声发电系统工作特性及频率漂移补偿控制策略提供理论基础。为提高电机功率密度,确保系统紧凑性,横向磁通永磁直线电机设计过程中电磁负荷选择相对较高。由于轴向相邻的永磁体极性相异以及铁心饱和的原因,在横向磁通永磁直线电机初级铁心内部存在与主磁通回路正交的穿片磁场,因此初级铁心内部磁场呈现三维混合磁路分布。与铁心叠片正交流通的穿片磁场形成区间比较小,却会形成较大的涡流损耗,在电机设计过程中不易发现,目前缺乏相关研究。针对这一情况,提出基于三维磁路的横向磁通永磁直线电机空间穿片磁场分析方法,计算穿片磁场区间及穿片磁感强度。以此为基础,计算由穿片磁场所产生的附加涡流损耗,得到不同饱和状态下穿片磁场所形成的涡流损耗及经典铁耗与电机主磁密的幂函数关系,并给出综合考虑空载铁耗及功率密度的横向磁通永磁直线电机设计依据。将横向磁通永磁直线电机空载铁耗通过等效计算得到热声发电系统的等效电磁阻尼系数,为热声发电系统起振-发电过程控制提供精确模型参数。设计并搭建拼装式穿片磁场等效实验平台,并对主磁场及穿片磁场磁感强度进行归一化处理验证穿片磁场解析结果及不同主磁场饱和状态对穿片磁场的影响。建立热声发电系统回路中的气体工质状态方程,得出热—声—电能量成因及影响各能量转换和衰减原因。基于相似理论,建立热声发电系统力—电类比模型对电机及热声发电系统工作状态进行耦合分析。以横向磁通永磁直线电机等效劲度系数及等效电磁阻尼系数计算为基础,求取热声发电系统最大电能输出状态下匹配电抗,计算分析不同工作状态下热声发电系统的电磁阻尼。得出阻抗匹配状态下的系统等效劲度系数的计算方法。通过直线振荡系统实验平台对理论分析进行验证。研究结果可为热声发电系统及直线发电机优化设计提供理论依据及新的研究思路。
[Abstract]:Thermoacoustic power generation technology is the current research hotspot in the field of renewable energy source, has good adaptability, high efficiency, simple and compact structure, long service life. The thermoacoustic power generation system is mainly composed of thermoacoustic engine and linear generator is composed of two parts. The thermoacoustic power generation system with transverse flux permanent magnet linear thermoacoustic generator as electromechanical system the end of the switching device. Because the magnetic field of linear motor generates the recovery magnetic resistance properties, when the magnetic resistance and mechanical spring force and operation of the system does not match the frequency corresponding driving force will affect the mechanical resonant thermoacoustic power generation system, reduce system power output. On the other hand, threading the magnetic field is transverse flux permanent magnet special problems linear thermal acoustic generator, threading a magnetic field can induce large eddy current loss. This paper focuses on the research of transverse flux permanent magnet linear motor magnetic field, electric - magnetic The mechanical coupling parameters, and analyze the working state of the thermoacoustic power generation system parameters in the analytic model, the main research contents are as follows. Combined with the thermoacoustic power generation system of acoustic driver operating characteristics, in order to ensure the system stable power output and maintain the linear generator and the thermoacoustic power generation system in synchronous resonance state, selected transverse flux permanent magnet the linear motor as the thermoacoustic power generation system of electromechanical energy conversion device. Compared with the traditional linear motor, transverse flux permanent magnet linear motor has the advantages of simple and reliable stacking technique is easy to implement, while the axial alveolar structure can improve the stability of its application in high frequency short stroke operation state. The establishment of transverse flux permanent magnet equivalent magnetic circuit model for linear motor take the motor electromagnetic resistance expression using the superposition method of transverse flux permanent magnet linear motor and mechanical properties of thermal acoustic power generation system sound by numerical analysis The matching relation between the wave force. The transverse flux permanent magnet linear motor of axial and transverse adjacent permanent magnet polarity is different, the end of the magnetic field presents complex three-dimensional space distribution, study the current lack of relevant content. For calculating the effect of axial magnetic field magnetic resistance at the end part of the forward end field space decoupling analysis method and implementation the axial end leakage decoupling calculation, then obtain the end magnetic resistance. On this basis, the calculation method of transverse flux permanent magnet linear motor equivalent stiffness coefficient, thus the motor magnetic resistance and mechanical properties of the system combined with the simplified analysis of working characteristics of subsequent generation on the thermoacoustic system, and ensure the stability of output the system of electric power. To provide the theoretical basis for the working characteristics of the system and the frequency shift of follow-up study of thermoacoustic power generation compensation control strategy. In order to improve the power density of the motor, to ensure that the system is compact, the transverse magnetic Tong Yongci The relatively high electromagnetic load selection of linear motor design process. Due to the axial adjacent permanent magnet polarity and different saturation causes in transverse flux permanent magnet linear motor primary core internal and main flux circuit orthogonal magnetic field threading, therefore the internal magnetic field of the primary iron core presents three-dimensional hybrid magnetic circuit distribution. And lamination orthogonal flow the threading of the magnetic field formation interval is relatively small, it will form a larger eddy current loss, not easy to find in the motor design process, the current lack of relevant research. In view of this situation, put forward the three-dimensional magnetic flux permanent magnet based on transverse to the space of linear motor wear sheet magnetic field analysis method, calculation of threading interval and threading a magnetic field a sense of strength. On the basis of calculating additional eddy current losses generated by threading a magnetic field, different saturated threading a magnetic field formed by the eddy current loss and iron loss and classic A power function relationship between motor main magnetic flux, and give comprehensive consideration according to the design of transverse flux no-load iron loss and the power density of the permanent magnet linear motor. The transverse flux permanent magnet equivalent electromagnetic damping coefficient of the thermoacoustic power generation system by using the equivalent loss calculation of linear motor no-load iron for thermoacoustic power generation system to provide accurate control of model parameters the vibration generating process. Design and build assembled threading magnetic field equivalent experimental platform, and the influence of magnetic field and the magnetic field threading of magnetic induction intensity was normalized to verify the analytical results and different magnetic field threading the main magnetic field saturation of magnetic field threading. A refrigerant gas state equation of the thermoacoustic power generation system in the loop. It is concluded that the heat - sound electric causes and effects of the energy conversion and energy attenuation. Based on the similarity theory, the establishment of thermoacoustic power generation system - electric analogy model of motor and thermoacoustic power generation system. The state coupling analysis. The transverse flux permanent magnet linear motor equivalent stiffness coefficient and damping coefficient of equivalent electromagnetic calculation, calculate the thermoacoustic power generation system maximum power output under the condition of matching reactance, the calculation and analysis of electromagnetic resistance of thermoacoustic power generation system under different working conditions, the calculation method is obtained. The impedance matching condition the equivalent stiffness coefficient. The system is verified by the analysis of linear oscillation system experimental platform of theory. The results can be used for the thermoacoustic power generation system and linear generator optimization design provides a theoretical basis and new research ideas.

【学位授予单位】：沈阳工业大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM31

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