二硫富瓦烯衍生物对可见光捕获能力的调控及其在太阳能电池中的应用

发布时间：2018-01-21 01:47

本文关键词： 二硫富瓦烯染料 D-A 给体受体可见光捕获　出处：《太原理工大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：分子结构为给体-受体(D-A)型的有机染料,具有分子内电荷转移的特性。由于有机染料制作成本低,摩尔消光系数高,分子结构易于调整等优点,D-A型染料已被广泛应用在染料敏化太阳能电池、有机小分子/聚合物电池等方面。在染料敏化太阳能电池、有机小分子/聚合物电池中,D-A型有机染料起着捕获太阳光的作用,直接影响着电池的光电转换效率,这说明研究D-A型有机染料对提高太阳能电池效率具有重要的意义。本论文中,我们以D-A型二硫富瓦烯光捕获染料为目标,通过电子受体以及共轭桥结构等选择对其光捕获能力进行了调控研究,并对它们在染料敏化太阳能电池及有机小分子电池等方面开展了应用研究。取得了如下实验结果:1.合成了一系列二硫富瓦烯为电子给体,吡啶为电子受体,苯-噻吩和噻吩-苯为共轭桥的单体型有机染料DTFPy3和DTFPy4,以及与之对应的两个二聚体型有机染料D-DTFPy3和D-DTFPy4。实验结果表明:调整共轭桥上富电子噻吩靠近给体一端时可使有机染料的吸收波长红移;二聚体型分子可显著提高有机染料的吸光强度,其吸收强度大约是单体的两倍。在这四个有机染料中,D-DTFPy4表现出最佳的光捕获能力,以其制备的染料敏化太阳能电池,光电转换效率可达5.26%。2.为了进一步提高二硫富瓦烯染料对整个可见光区的捕获能力,我们设计合成了以二硫富瓦烯为给体,苯-3,4-乙烯二氧噻吩-苯为共轭桥,三腈基呋喃衍生物(TCF)为电子受体的有机染料DTCF。实验结果表明:DTCF在溶液中具有两个吸收峰,在四氢呋喃溶液中的吸收峰分别位于548 nm和401 nm,两个吸收峰的摩尔消光系数分别为4.65×104 M~(-1) cm~(-1)和3.79×104M~(-1) cm~(-1),其吸收光谱可覆盖整个可见光区。以其作为电子给体材料,PC61BM作为电子受体材料,制备了有机太阳能电池,光电转换效率达到0.28%。3.在有机染料DTCF分子结构基础上,设计合成了二聚体型有机染料D-DTCF。实验结果表明:与DTCF相比,二聚体D-DTCF可大大提高吸光度,其在四氢呋喃溶液中的吸收峰分别位于532 nm和401 nm,两个吸收峰的摩尔消光系数分别达到了5.76×104 M~(-1) cm~(-1)和4.40×104 M~(-1) cm~(-1),大大提高了对可见光的捕获能力,展示了用D-DTCF制备高效太阳能电池的可能。
[Abstract]:The molecular structure is a donor-receptor D-A) type organic dye, which has the characteristics of intramolecular charge transfer. Due to the low production cost of organic dyes, high molar extinction coefficient, easy to adjust the molecular structure and so on. D-A dyes have been widely used in dye sensitized solar cells, organic small molecule / polymer batteries, dye sensitized solar cells and organic small molecule / polymer batteries. D-A organic dyes play a role in capturing solar light, and directly affect the photovoltaic conversion efficiency of the battery, which shows that the study of D-A organic dyes to improve the efficiency of solar cells is of great significance. The photocapture ability of D-A type dithioflavene dyes was studied by means of electron receptor and conjugate bridge structure. Their applications in dye sensitized solar cells and organic small molecular batteries were studied. The following experimental results were obtained: 1. A series of dithiofurane as electron donors and pyridine as electron receptors were synthesized. Benzothiophene and thiophene-benzene are conjugated bridge haplotype organic dyes DTFPy3 and DTFPy4. And the corresponding two dimer organic dyes D-DTFPy3 and D-DTFPy4.The experimental results show that:. When the electron rich thiophene on the conjugate bridge is close to the donor end, the absorption wavelength of organic dyes can be shifted red. Dimer molecules can significantly improve the absorptivity of organic dyes, which is about twice as high as that of monomers. Among the four organic dyes, D-DTFPy4 exhibits the best photocapture ability. With the dye sensitized solar cells, the photoelectric conversion efficiency can reach 5.26.2. in order to further improve the capture ability of dithiafurane dyes to the entire visible light region. We have designed and synthesized dithiafulvalene as donor and benzene-3n-4-ethylenedioxythiophene as conjugate bridge. TCFs, an organic dye with trisonitrile furan derivative, are electron acceptors. The experimental results show that there are two absorption peaks in the solution of TCF. The absorption peaks in tetrahydrofuran solution are located at 548 nm and 401 nm, respectively. The molar extinction coefficients of the two absorption peaks are 4.65 脳 10 ~ (4) M ~ (-1) cm ~ (-1) and 3.79 脳 10 ~ (4) M ~ (-1) 路cm ~ (-1) 路cm ~ (-1), respectively. Its absorption spectrum can cover the whole visible light region. Using PC61BM as the electron donor material as the electron receptor material, organic solar cells were prepared. The optoelectronic conversion efficiency reached 0.28. 3. Based on the molecular structure of organic dye DTCF, the dimer organic dye D-DTCFF was designed and synthesized. The experimental results show that it is compared with DTCF. The absorbance of dimer D-DTCF can be greatly improved. The absorption peaks of D-DTCF in tetrahydrofuran solution are located at 532 nm and 401 nm, respectively. The molar extinction coefficients of the two absorption peaks are 5.76 脳 10 ~ 4 m ~ (-1) 路cm ~ (-1) and 4.40 脳 10 ~ 4 m ~ (-1) 路cm ~ (-1) 路cm ~ (-1), respectively. The ability of capturing visible light is greatly improved, and the possibility of preparing high efficiency solar cells with D-DTCF is demonstrated.
【学位授予单位】：太原理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM914.4

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