感应电机轴承故障的动力学分析及研究

发布时间：2018-01-24 06:19

本文关键词： 感应电机轴承故障动力学分析　出处：《大连海事大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：感应电机的结构简单并且性能可靠,因而在工业上得到了越来越广泛地应用。滚动轴承的整体行为在感应电机的整个生命周期中又是至关重要的。因此,研究电机轴承故障的检测方法具有重要的意义。目前,基于定子电流分析法(MSCA)的轴承故障转矩变化模型中的负载转矩方程是没有理论及实验基础的假设。考虑到轴承故障情况下的恢复力与电机的摩擦力矩直接相关,而电机摩擦力矩的特性又是电流特征分析法的理论依据,所以针对轴承故障区域变化时恢复力特性的研究是非常重要的,但是目前还没有针对这方面的研究。本文对此进行了相关的理论推导和实验验证。首先,通过多体动力学分析软件ADAMS进行轴承3D模型仿真,发现恢复力曲线具有一定的变化规律。基于轴承故障状态下的动力学模型,推导了轴承外滚道故障引起的转子重心偏移从而导致的恢复力的变化情况。在充分考虑轴承运动过程中负荷分布和受力变化的前提下,在MATLAB中搭建动力学模型,通过动力学分析推导轴承在故障状态下对摩擦力矩的影响。其次,比较轴承动态摩擦力矩测试台的实验结果和MATLAB仿真结果,验证了动力学模型的准确性。最后,按照实际的感应电机参数设置仿真参数,分析故障宽度和转速的改变对摩擦力矩特性的影响。根据仿真和实验的结果发现:轴承故障所引起的冲击脉冲具有一定的宽度,且冲击脉冲的宽度与故障的实际大小有关,即具有与轴承外滚道故障区域大小成正相关变化的特点。
[Abstract]:Induction motor is widely used in industry because of its simple structure and reliable performance. The whole behavior of rolling bearing is very important in the whole life cycle of induction motor. It is of great significance to study the fault detection method of motor bearing. Based on stator current analysis (MSCA). The load torque equation in the bearing fault torque model is assumed without theoretical and experimental basis. Considering that the recovery force under bearing failure is directly related to the friction torque of the motor. And the characteristics of motor friction torque is the theoretical basis of current characteristic analysis, so it is very important to study the characteristics of restoring force when the bearing fault area changes. But at present, there is no research on this aspect. In this paper, the related theoretical derivation and experimental verification are carried out. Firstly, the 3D model simulation of bearing is carried out by the multi-body dynamics analysis software ADAMS. It is found that the restoring force curve has a certain law of variation, based on the dynamic model of bearing failure. The change of the restoring force caused by the rotor center of gravity deviation caused by the fault of the outer raceway of the bearing is deduced, and the load distribution and the force change in the course of the bearing motion are fully considered. The dynamic model is built in MATLAB, and the influence of bearing on friction moment is deduced by dynamic analysis. Secondly. The accuracy of the dynamic model is verified by comparing the experimental results of the bearing dynamic friction torque test rig with the MATLAB simulation results. Finally, the simulation parameters are set according to the actual parameters of the induction motor. The influence of the change of fault width and rotational speed on the friction torque characteristics is analyzed. According to the simulation and experimental results, it is found that the impact pulse caused by the bearing fault has a certain width. The impact pulse width is related to the actual size of the fault, that is, it has the characteristics of positive correlation with the size of the fault area of the bearing outer raceway.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM346

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