永磁同步电机与驱动器可靠性试验研究

发布时间：2018-01-24 23:09

本文关键词： 永磁同步电机伺服驱动器故障检测可靠试验可靠性评估　出处：《浙江理工大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：永磁同步电机效率高、转动惯量低、动态影响快,被广泛地应用于数控机床、电动汽车、自动生产设备等工业产品。永磁同步电机的稳定运行须由与之匹配的伺服驱动器控制完成,二者共同构成伺服驱动系统。目前,国产永磁同步电机与驱动器可靠性与国外成熟产品相比差距较大。国内中、高档数控设备所用伺服驱动系统基本由日本发那科公司、德国德玛吉公司、德国西门子公司等为代表的少数公司所垄断。为提高我国伺服电机及其驱动器可靠性水平,增强我国数控装备制市场竞争力,本文对永磁同步电机及与之匹配的驱动器为研究对象,开展伺服驱动系统可靠性试验研究,目标是通过开展可靠性试验,获取当前可靠性水平以及暴露潜在设计缺陷知薄弱环节,为改进产品设计提供技术支撑。本文主要研究内容与结论如下:第一章,阐述了论文研究的背景、目的和意义;概述了永磁同步电机及相关驱动技术的国内外现状;综述了逆变器失效、驱动电路故障、定子电流幅值波动等故障检测方法的研究现状,以及永磁同步电机与驱动器可靠性试验技术的研究现状,确定了恒定应力加速试验可用于永磁同步电机与驱动器;提出了本论文的主要研究内容。第二章,分析确定了永磁同步电机与驱动器组成和工作原理;通过理论分析和仿真试验,确定了定子匝间短路、断路故障、定子电流幅值波动、定子电流波形畸变等故障发生的主要原因以及确定了高温、大负载是导致上述故障的主要应力因素;为设计、实施永磁同步电机与驱动器可靠性试验提供了技术支撑。第三章,针对目前永磁同步电机与驱动器故障检测方法存在的准确性差、效率低等不足,依据负序分量计算原理,对负序分量矢量角度与矢量幅值进行重新定义并合成新的负序矢量,在此基础上提出了一种综合利用电流负序模长和矢量角两个指标检测定子电流幅值波动和波形畸变的方法;然后,通过试验分析验证了该方法的有效性,为在可靠性试验过程中对永磁同步电机与驱动器的故障时间进行实时检测提供了技术方法。第四章,结合永磁同步电机与驱动器的额定设计参数,设计了永磁同步电机与驱动器可靠性试验装置;开展了可靠性试验,并利用本文提出的故障检测可靠性试验方法对采集的定子电流幅值信息进行分析,获得故障发生时间;在此基础上,利用图分析法和拟合优度检验,确定了永磁同步电机与驱动器的寿命服从威布尔分布;利用极大似然估计获得了可靠寿命,实现了对永磁同步电机与驱动器可靠性的评价。第五章,总结了全文的研究工作,提出了后续相关工作的研究展望。
[Abstract]:Permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) is widely used in CNC machine tools and electric vehicles because of its high efficiency, low moment of inertia and fast dynamic effect. The stable operation of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) must be controlled by a servo driver matched with PMSM. Both of them constitute a servo drive system. The reliability of domestic permanent magnet synchronous motor and drive is far from that of foreign mature products. In China, the servo drive system used in high-grade numerical control equipment is basically made up of Japanese Fonaco Company and German Demaghi Company. In order to improve the reliability level of servo motors and drivers in China and enhance the market competitiveness of China's numerical control equipment system, Siemens Company of Germany is monopolized by a small number of representative companies. In this paper, the permanent magnet synchronous motor and its matching driver as the research object, the servo drive system reliability test research, the goal is to carry out reliability test. Obtain the current reliability level and exposure of potential design defects to provide technical support for improving product design. The main contents and conclusions of this paper are as follows: chapter 1, the background of this paper is described. Purpose and significance; The current situation of PMSM and related driving technology at home and abroad is summarized. The research status of fault detection methods such as inverter failure driving circuit fault stator current amplitude fluctuation and the reliability test technology of permanent magnet synchronous motor and driver are summarized in this paper. It is determined that the constant stress acceleration test can be used in permanent magnet synchronous motor and actuator. In the second chapter, the composition and working principle of PMSM and PMSM are analyzed and determined. Through theoretical analysis and simulation test, the main causes of stator inter-turn short circuit, open circuit fault, stator current amplitude fluctuation, stator current waveform distortion and high temperature are determined. Large load is the main stress factor that causes the above faults; For the design and implementation of permanent magnet synchronous motor and driver reliability test provides a technical support. Chapter three, aimed at the current permanent magnet synchronous motor and driver fault detection methods are poor accuracy, low efficiency and other shortcomings. According to the calculation principle of negative ordered component, the angle and amplitude of negative ordered component vector are redefined and a new negative ordered vector is synthesized. On the basis of this, a method of detecting the amplitude fluctuation and waveform distortion of stator current by using two indexes of current negative sequence mode length and vector angle is put forward. Then, the effectiveness of the method is verified by experimental analysis, which provides a technical method for real-time detection of the fault time of PMSM and actuator during the reliability test. Chapter 4th. Combined with the rated design parameters of permanent magnet synchronous motor and actuator, the reliability test device of permanent magnet synchronous motor and driver is designed. The reliability test is carried out, and the fault occurrence time is obtained by analyzing the amplitude information of the stator current collected by using the fault detection reliability test method proposed in this paper. On this basis, the distribution of service life of PMSM and driver is determined by using graph analysis method and goodness of fit test. The reliability of PMSM and PMSM is evaluated by maximum likelihood estimation (MLE). Chapter 5th summarizes the research work in this paper and puts forward the research prospect of the related work in the future.
【学位授予单位】：浙江理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM341

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