天然气合成变压器油电气性能及介电特性研究

发布时间：2018-01-26 10:57

  本文关键词： 天然气合成变压器油 C型结构 理化性能 电气性能 混油特性 介电特性　出处：《华北电力大学(北京)》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：变压器油作为电力系统中重要的液体绝缘介质,随着电力电网的大规模建设,特别是特高压交直流电网的建设,让变压器油的需求量与日俱增。由于受到环烷基原油储量的限制,优质环烷基变压器油的供应量受到了严重制约,优质变压器油的短缺对电网的建设以及电力设备的安全稳定运行造成了一定影响。近些年来天然气合成油技术取得了突破性的进展,以天然气合成油技术生产出的合成变压器油也开始进入变压器油市场。天然气合成变压器油作为一种新型变压器油,其各项性能并没有得到较为深入的研究,对其的认识也不够全面,因此对天然气合成变压器油进行深入的研究,为其应用推广提供相应的理论依据。本文通过对天然气合成变压器油的碳型结构和典型理化性能、电气性能、混油特性、介电特性四个方面进行了相关试验与研究,同时挑选了两种传统环烷基变压器油和一种传统非环烷基变压器油进行对照试验。试验结果表明：天然气合成变压器油是一种高闪点,低密度,低酸值且总硫含量极低的非环烷基变压器油。在电气性能方面：工频击穿电压以及局部放电特性与传统变压器油基本相当,而雷电冲击击穿电压要较其它三种传统变压器油平均值高16.47%；将天然气合成变压器油与三种传统变压器油分别进行体积比1：1混合后,介质损耗、酸值、倾点均满足GB/T 7595-2008《运行中变压器油质量》标准要求。介电特性方面：天然气合成变压器油和油浸纸板的介电常数实部均要小于传统环烷基变压器油,同时油浸纸板介电常数实部与油介电常数实部之比要小于传统环烷基变压器油；介电常数虚部在-10℃和20℃低频段时较传统环烷基变压器油大,而在中高频段则比传统环烷基变压器油虚部小,在50℃与80℃则与传统环烷基变压器油基本相当,同时对天然气合成变压器油介电常数虚部按照H-N模型拟合,通过拟合后的相关参数表明,天然气合成变压器油的松弛极化时间受温度影响较传统环烷基变压器油小。
[Abstract]:Transformer oil as an important liquid insulating medium in power system, with the large-scale construction of power grid, especially the construction of UHV AC / DC power grid. Because of the limitation of the reserve of naphthenic crude oil, the supply of high-quality naphthenic transformer oil is seriously restricted. The shortage of high quality transformer oil has a certain impact on the construction of power grid and the safe and stable operation of power equipment. In recent years, the technology of synthetic oil of natural gas has made a breakthrough progress. Synthetic transformer oil produced by natural gas synthetic oil technology has also begun to enter the transformer oil market. As a new type of transformer oil, the performance of natural gas synthetic transformer oil has not been studied in depth. The understanding of the transformer oil is not comprehensive enough, so the natural gas synthetic transformer oil is studied deeply. In this paper, the carbon structure, typical physical and chemical properties, electrical properties and oil blending characteristics of natural gas synthetic transformer oil are studied. The dielectric properties of the four aspects have been tested and studied. At the same time, two kinds of conventional naphthenic transformer oil and one traditional non-naphthenic transformer oil were selected for comparative test. The results show that the natural gas synthetic transformer oil is a kind of high flash point and low density. Non-naphthenic transformer oil with low acid value and very low total sulfur content. Electrical performance: power frequency breakdown voltage and partial discharge characteristics are basically equivalent to traditional transformer oil. The average lightning impulse breakdown voltage is 16.47% higher than that of the other three conventional transformer oils. After mixing natural gas synthetic transformer oil with three traditional transformer oils with volume ratio of 1: 1, the dielectric loss and acid value are obtained. All pour points meet the requirements of GB/T 7595-2008 "Transformer Oil quality in Operation". Dielectric characteristics:. The dielectric constant of natural gas synthetic transformer oil and oil-impregnated paperboard is smaller than that of traditional naphthenic transformer oil. At the same time, the ratio of the real part of the dielectric constant to the real part of the oil dielectric constant is smaller than that of the traditional naphthenic transformer oil. The imaginary part of dielectric constant is larger than that of traditional naphthenic transformer oil at -10 鈩，

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