变压器匝间短路故障在线监测系统设计

发布时间：2018-02-02 13:39

本文关键词： 变压器匝间短路电能损耗在线监测仿真　出处：《山东大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着经济和科技的不断蓬勃发展,人们生产生活水平逐渐水涨船高,由此带来了稳恒的电力需求增长。电力跟人类的生活及生产息息相关,电力系统的安全可靠运行直接关系到社会的稳定健康发展。电力系统运行的可靠性是一个多方面因素的影响的结果,而电力变压器是电力系统的心脏,在电能的传输过程中发挥着不可替代的作用,其稳定运行几乎直接关系到整个电力系统运行的可靠性,而变压器容易因各种原因而造成故障。根据国内外运行经验和统计资料来看,变压器中最容易出现故障的部件为结构最复杂的绕组部分,由绕组损坏引起的变压器故障占所有变压器总故障的60%-70%,且变压器绕组部分的绝缘缺陷或者外因造成的失效是变压器绕组产生问题的最直接原因,由此看来,对变压器绕组匝间短路进行重点研究,分析其产生机理、相关影响因素并制定相关的防范措施相关的工作亟待展开。在理论研究的基础上,进一步研制出变压器绕组匝间短路在线监测装置,在变压器发生轻微匝间短路故障时即进行准确预警,由监测系统及时及实时的将故障信息上传至后台调度中心,运维人员结合故障诊断结果,对变压器采取相应的防范措施,防止因变压器故障带来的不必要经济损失。目前已出现了较多的变压器匝间短路监测方法,各种方法均具有其特色,并在特定的场合取得了一定应用效果。常见方法如漏电感法、电压电流比法以及溶解气体分析等方法等,从经济性、有效性及实时性等综合考虑来看不如在线监测方法。总的来说,在线监测是一种发展趋势。本文首先总结了国内外有关变压器匝间短路在线监测研究现状,并对各种检测方法的原理和优缺点进行了描述,在综合对比分析情况下,选择了基于功率损耗法的在线监测方法。首先对变压器匝间短路前后时变压器两端电流电压变化特性以及变压器本体损耗变化进行了重点分析,分析得出匝间短路会带来额外的有功损耗,而且匝间短路程度越重,那么损耗越大,故障相的损耗远高于非故障相。利用该原理研制了变压器匝间短路在线监测装置,该装置实时采集变压器高低压端各相功率,以小时为单位计算各相电能损耗情况,在下位机上通过无线GPRS无线方式将计算结果发送至中心主站,在主站系统上利用"模糊数学"、"专家系统"等系统对上传结果进行智能分析,给出故障情况即严重程度,如果某相故障超出了预设阈值,则发出报警信号,通知运维人员采取相关措施。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of economy and science and technology, people's production and living standard is rising gradually, which brings steady demand for electricity, which is closely related to human life and production. The safe and reliable operation of power system is directly related to the stable and healthy development of society. The reliability of power system operation is the result of many factors, and power transformer is the heart of power system. It plays an irreplaceable role in the process of electric energy transmission, and its stable operation is almost directly related to the reliability of the whole power system. The transformer is prone to failure due to various reasons. According to the domestic and foreign operation experience and statistical data, the most vulnerable component of the transformer is the most complex winding part. The transformer faults caused by winding damage account for 60-70 of all the transformer faults, and the insulation defects in the transformer windings or the failure caused by external causes are the most direct causes of the transformer winding problems. From this point of view, the transformer winding inter-turn short circuit focus on research, analysis of its mechanism, related factors and the development of relevant preventive measures related to the work to be carried out. On the basis of theoretical research. Furthermore, an on-line monitoring device for transformer winding inter-turn short circuit is developed, which can accurately warn the transformer in the event of slight inter-turn short circuit fault. The monitoring system uploads the fault information to the background dispatching center in time and in real time, and the operation and maintenance personnel take the corresponding preventive measures to the transformer combined with the fault diagnosis results. To prevent unnecessary economic loss caused by transformer fault, there have been many methods of transformer inter-turn short circuit monitoring, all of which have their own characteristics. The common methods, such as leakage inductance method, voltage current ratio method and dissolved gas analysis method, are economical. Overall, on-line monitoring is a development trend. Firstly, this paper summarizes the domestic and foreign research status of transformer inter-turn short-circuit on-line monitoring. The principle, advantages and disadvantages of the various detection methods are described, and in the case of comprehensive comparative analysis. The on-line monitoring method based on power loss method is selected. Firstly, the characteristics of transformer current and voltage changes and transformer body loss changes before and after inter-turn short circuit are analyzed. The analysis shows that inter-turn short circuit will bring extra active power loss, and the greater the inter-turn short circuit, the greater the loss. The loss of fault phase is much higher than that of non-fault phase. Based on this principle, an on-line monitoring device for transformer inter-turn short circuit is developed, which can collect the power of each phase at the high and low voltage end of transformer in real time. The power loss of each phase is calculated in an hour unit. The calculation results are sent to the central master station by wireless GPRS wireless mode on the lower computer, and "fuzzy mathematics" is used on the master station system. "expert system" and other systems carry on intelligent analysis to upload result, give fault condition namely serious degree, if a certain phase fault exceeds preset threshold, send out alarm signal, inform the operator to take relevant measures.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM407

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