用于晶硅太阳能电池增效的转光材料的研究

发布时间：2018-02-03 10:45

本文关键词： 下转换发光材料晶硅太阳能电池能量损失光谱失配斯托克斯位移光电转换效率　出处：《上海师范大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：论文选用目前市场占有率较高的晶硅太阳能电池为研究对象,针对该种电池光电转换效率低,成本较高等问题展开研究。导致晶硅太阳能电池光电转换效低的因素(能量利用效率低,最佳光谱不般配),是我们重点关注的对象。论文计划利用下转换发光材料将晶硅太阳能电池利用率比较低的短波长的光转换为电池响应较高的长波长光,更多利用效率较高的长波光被晶硅太阳能电池接受并利用,产生出更多的光生载流子。这就意味着晶硅太阳能电池的光能转换为电能的能力提高。整个实验方案的设计对下转换发光材料的粒径要求要比较小,基于此我们选择常用的纳米粒子制备方法-水热法,利用它较小粒径的纳米粒子能被得到。基于工业化应用的前提,我们选用较为简单的应用模型:利用EVA薄膜-太阳能电池封装常用的材料复合纳米荧光材料,将封装材料升级为具有转光性能的功能化薄膜。晶硅太阳能电池被这种薄膜封装后,一方面原来工业化过程中的生产流程没被改变,另一方面还能在原有的基础上把太阳能电池的光电转换效率进一步的提高,从理论上分析提高的相对值能保持较稳定状态。利用水热反应和熔盐煅烧分别制备了以铕和镱为中心离子的稀土有机配合物和微纳米级的YAG:Ce3+,Yb3+。选用的无机微纳米级下转换发光材料YAG:Ce3+,Yb3+在400-600nm出现激发峰(归属Ce的特征激发峰位),1030nm是近红外发光中心Yb3+离子特征发射峰位。该球形样品的粒径大约为1μm。制备出的稀土配合物相对荧光量子效率及荧光强度被对比,发现实验制备的激发峰位于200nm-400nm,发射峰位于616nm附近的苯甲酸铕具有更强的红光发射,因此被选为下转换型稀土有机配合物发光材料。利用扫描电镜测试样品的粒径和形貌,结果显示该种转光材料的粒径大约为20nm,在一定pH条件下可以制备出均匀的球形。复合薄膜器件被我们用上述两种荧光材料复合EVA薄膜得到,测试表面覆盖复合薄膜器件的改性晶硅太阳能电池的电学性能参数。晶硅太阳能电池的短路电流密度被苯甲酸铕@EVA薄膜提高大约0.93mA/cm2,提高大约0.31%的相对光电转换效率。YAG:Ce3+,Yb3+@EVA复合薄膜有大约1.45mA/cm2的晶硅电池短路电流密度提高值,光电转换效率相比改性前大约有0.51%的提高。在最佳浓度下对比复合薄膜对太阳能电池各个性能参数的提高情况可知:YAG:Ce3+,Yb3+@EVA复合薄膜较苯甲酸铕@EVA复合薄膜效果好。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the silicon solar cell with high market share is chosen as the research object, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the cell is low. The factors that lead to the low photoelectric conversion efficiency of silicon solar cells (low energy use efficiency, optimal spectral mismatch). In this paper, we plan to use down-conversion luminescent materials to convert short wavelength light with low utilization ratio to long wavelength light with high cell response. More long-wave light with high efficiency is accepted and utilized by silicon solar cells. More photogenerated carriers are produced. This means that the ability of the solar cells to convert light energy into electric energy is improved. The design of the whole experimental scheme requires less particle size of the downconversion luminescent materials. Based on this, we choose the commonly used preparation method of nanoparticles-hydrothermal method, which can be used to obtain nanoparticles with smaller particle size, based on the premise of industrial application. We choose a simple application model: EVA thin film-solar cell packaging materials commonly used to composite nano-fluorescent materials. The packaging materials were upgraded to functional thin films with conversion properties. After the silicon solar cells were encapsulated by this kind of thin film, on the one hand, the original industrial production process was not changed. On the other hand, the photoelectric conversion efficiency of solar cells can be further improved on the basis of the original. The relative value of EU and ytterbium ions were analyzed theoretically and the rare earth organic complexes with europium and ytterbium as the center ions and YAG:Ce3 at the micro and nanometer level were prepared by hydrothermal reaction and molten salt calcination respectively. Yb3. YAG:Ce3 Yb3, an inorganic nano-scale down-conversion luminescent material, exhibits an excitation peak at 400-600nm (the characteristic excitation peak belongs to ce). 1030nm is the characteristic emission peak of Yb3 ion in near infrared luminescence center. The particle size of the spherical sample is about 1 渭 m. The relative fluorescence quantum efficiency and fluorescence intensity of the rare earth complexes prepared are compared. It was found that the excitation peak was 200nm-400nm and the emission peak was 616nm. Europium benzoate had stronger red emission. Therefore, it was selected as the downconversion rare earth organic complex luminescent material. The particle size and morphology of the sample were measured by scanning electron microscope. The results showed that the particle size of the conversion material was about 20nm. At a certain pH, a uniform spherical structure can be prepared, and the composite thin film devices can be obtained by using the two kinds of fluorescent materials mentioned above to composite EVA thin films. The electrical properties of the modified silicon solar cells were measured. The short-circuit current density of the silicon solar cells was increased by 0.93 Ma / cm ~ 2 by europium benzoate film. The increase of relative photoelectric conversion efficiency of about 0.31%. Yag: Ce3 / Yb3 @ EVA composite film has a short circuit current density increase of about 1.45 Ma / cm ~ 2. Compared with the previous modification, the photoelectric conversion efficiency was increased by about 0.51%. Compared with the improvement of the performance parameters of the solar cell by the composite film at the optimum concentration, we can see that the performance of the composite film is: (1) Y: ce _ (3). The effect of Yb3 / EVA composite film is better than that of europium benzoate / EVA composite film.
【学位授予单位】：上海师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM914.41

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