无位置传感器无刷直流电机SVPWM的研究与设计

发布时间：2018-02-03 20:55

本文关键词： 位置检测空间矢量脉宽调制无刷直流电机无位置传感器　出处：《中南林业科技大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：无位置传感器无刷直流电机因其结构简单、成本低廉、运行可靠等优点在工业、农业、民用等众多领域得到了广泛的应用。然而,无位置传感器无刷直流电机仍然存在换相转矩脉动大、换相时间难以准确控制等问题。针对此类问题,本文采用空间矢量脉宽调制(SVPWM)技术较好地解决了存在的问题,研究内容如下:首先,介绍了无位置传感器无刷直流电机位置检测方法的国内外研究现状,对比分析了传统的反电动势过零检测端电压检测法与相电压检测法,对三相电动势叠加的转子位置检测法进行了深入的研究,提出了一种优化的反电动势叠加算法。其次,针对换相期间电流发生波动带来的转矩脉动问题,对SPWM(正弦波脉宽调制)技术与SVPWM技术进行对比研究,重点研究了 SVPWM技术的基本原理,并在旋转坐标系上建立了基于id= 0运动方式的电机数学模型,完成了 SVPWM技术中矢量位置、作用时间及作用顺序等关键技术的设计。最后,搭建了无位置传感器无刷直流电机SVPWM控制系统仿真模型,仿真结果验证了优化后的反电动势叠加位置检测法能与SVPWM技术有效结合,优化后的反电动势叠加法能正确检测到换向信号,准确跟踪转子角度,精准控制空间矢量扇区切换,三相电流波形近似于正弦波,磁链轨迹呈圆形,系统带负载能力增强,动态响应速度加快,达到了预期控制效果,具有一定的实践应用价值。
[Abstract]:Sensorless brushless DC motor (BLDCM) has been widely used in many fields such as industry agriculture and civil because of its simple structure low cost and reliable operation. The sensorless brushless DC motor still has the problems of large commutation torque ripple and difficult to control the commutation time accurately. In this paper, space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) technology is used to solve the existing problems. The research contents are as follows: first of all. This paper introduces the research status of position detection method of sensorless brushless DC motor at home and abroad, and compares and analyzes the traditional method of end voltage detection and phase voltage detection of back-EMF zero crossing detection. The rotor position detection method of three-phase EMF superposition is studied deeply, and an optimized backEMF superposition algorithm is proposed. Secondly, the torque ripple caused by current fluctuation during commutation is studied. The comparison of SPWM (sinusoidal pulse width modulation) technology and SVPWM technology is carried out, and the basic principle of SVPWM technology is emphatically studied. The mathematical model of motor based on id= 0 motion mode is established in the rotating coordinate system, and the key technologies of SVPWM technology, such as vector position, action time and action sequence, are designed. Finally. The simulation model of position sensorless brushless DC motor SVPWM control system is built. The simulation results show that the optimized backEMF superposition position detection method can be effectively combined with SVPWM technology. The optimized backEMF superposition method can correctly detect commutative signals, accurately track rotor angle, accurately control space vector sector switching, three-phase current waveform is similar to sine wave, and the flux locus is circular. The dynamic response speed of the system increases with the increase of load capacity, and achieves the expected control effect, which has certain practical application value.
【学位授予单位】：中南林业科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM33

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