10MW海上用无刷双馈风力发电机电磁设计与转子结构分析

发布时间：2018-02-09 16:12

本文关键词： 无刷双馈风力发电机电磁设计磁障转子设计特性仿真转子结构分析　出处：《沈阳工业大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：近年来,大型化和高可靠性的海上风力发电成为了世界风力发电的发展趋势,应用于海上风电的兆瓦级,甚至10MW以上的风力发电机组也成为了世界上各大风电强国研究和开发的重点。由于海上特殊的运行环境,对发电机组的可靠性和经济性等提出了更高的要求,与常用的有刷双馈风力发电机与永磁同步风力发电机相比,无刷双馈风力发电机实现了无刷化,具有可靠性高、所需变频器容量小、成本低等优点,在海上风电中具有更广阔的应用前景。本文中将针对一台10MW海上用无刷双馈风力发电机为研究对象,对该发电机的电磁设计、磁障转子设计、特性仿真以及转子结构进行分析研究。主要研究内容如下:首先,介绍了无刷双馈风力发电机的定、转子结构及其工作原理;针对无刷双馈风力发电机的特殊设计要求,对一台10MW海上用无刷双馈风力发电机进行了电磁设计,确定了包括极数、槽数、定子内外径、气隙宽度、定子槽尺寸以及绕组分布在内的相关参数,给出了相应的设计原则。其次,针对磁障转子耦合能力的优化问题,通过仿真分析有用谐波含量,确定了磁障转子的极弧系数;将功率绕组与控制绕组之间的互感幅值和有用谐波占基波含量百分比作为优化目标,利用田口方法分析了磁障转子的凸极高度、导磁层数以及导磁层与非导磁层宽度之比三种结构参数对其耦合能力的影响,确定了这三个结构参数对磁障转子耦合能力影响的大小;得到了具有强耦合能力的磁障转子的结构参数,并通过有限元方法对其耦合能力进行了验证。然后,为验证所设计电机的合理性,利用有限元分析软件搭建了10MW无刷双馈风力发电机的二维电磁场仿真模型,对该发电机在空载运行状态下的空载特性、电磁场分布、气隙磁密、空载反电势以及负载运行状态下的电磁场分布、端电压、负载电流、铜耗、铁耗以及效率进行了分析和计算,得到了相关结果,验证电磁设计的合理性。最后,为了使转子重量尽可能小,且要满足其强度要求,通过有限元分析软件对三种具有不同转子支架的转子机械结构在静止状态和额定运行状态下进行了分析,得到了相关的应力和形变分布云图,通过分析比较确定了一种转子结构;并对所选择的转子结构在超同步与亚同步的极限运行状态下进行了分析,进一步验证了其可靠性。
[Abstract]:In recent years, large-scale and high-reliability offshore wind power generation has become the development trend of wind power generation in the world, which is used in offshore wind power of megawatt class. Even more than 10MW wind turbines have become the focus of research and development in the world's major wind power countries. Because of the special operating environment at sea, higher requirements are put forward for the reliability and economy of generating units. Compared with the common brushless doubly-fed wind turbine and permanent magnet synchronous wind generator, the brushless doubly-fed wind turbine has the advantages of high reliability, small converter capacity and low cost. In this paper, a 10MW brushless doubly-fed wind generator for offshore wind power is studied. The electromagnetic design and magnetic barrier rotor design of the generator are studied. The main contents are as follows: firstly, the stator, rotor structure and its working principle of brushless doubly-fed wind turbine are introduced, and the special design requirements of brushless doubly-fed wind turbine are discussed. The electromagnetic design of a 10MW offshore brushless doubly-fed wind turbine is carried out. The parameters including pole number, slot number, stator inner and outer diameter, air gap width, stator slot size and winding distribution are determined. The corresponding design principles are given. Secondly, aiming at the optimization of coupling capability of magnetic barrier rotor, the polar arc coefficient of magnetic barrier rotor is determined by simulation and analysis of useful harmonic content. The mutual inductance amplitude between the power winding and the control winding and the percentage of useful harmonics in the fundamental wave are taken as the optimization objectives. The height of the salient pole of the magnetic barrier rotor is analyzed by using the Taguchi method. The influence of three kinds of structure parameters on coupling ability of magnetic barrier rotor is determined, such as the number of magnetic conductors and the ratio of the width of magnetic conduction layer to non-magnetic conduction layer, and the magnitude of the influence of these three structural parameters on the coupling capability of magnetic barrier rotor is determined. The structural parameters of magnetic barrier rotor with strong coupling ability are obtained, and its coupling ability is verified by finite element method. Then, to verify the rationality of the designed motor, A two-dimensional electromagnetic field simulation model of a 10MW brushless doubly-fed wind turbine is built by using the finite element analysis software. The characteristics of the generator under no-load operation, electromagnetic field distribution, air gap magnetic density are analyzed. The distribution of electromagnetic field, terminal voltage, load current, copper consumption, iron consumption and efficiency under the condition of no-load reverse EMF and load operation are analyzed and calculated, and the relevant results are obtained to verify the rationality of the electromagnetic design. In order to make the rotor weight as small as possible and to meet its strength requirements, three kinds of rotor mechanical structures with different rotor supports are analyzed under static and rated operating conditions by finite element analysis software. A relative stress and deformation distribution cloud diagram is obtained, and a rotor structure is determined through analysis and comparison, and the selected rotor structure is analyzed under the limit operation state of supersonic and sub-synchronous, which further verifies its reliability.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM315

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