采用开关电源供电的智能电能表设计

发布时间：2018-02-13 18:43

本文关键词： 智能电能表开关电源计量芯片微控制器　出处：《哈尔滨理工大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：电力系统已随社会的发展发生了不可忽视的巨大变化,智能电网已然成为未来电网发展的必然趋势。智能电能表作为其中的重要环节,除了需要具备电能计量、存储和处理的功用,还需要承载着网络通信、自动检测与控制以及信息交互等重要智能功能。诸多专家一致认为,对于智能电网发展的推动工作,智能电能表的发展将会起到关键性意义。随着智能电能表应用的推广,其精准化计量、智能化控制管理与小型化发展已然成为重要的发展趋势。本文首先对国内外智能电能表的研究现状和发展情况进行分析和总结,最终确认了本设计中智能电能表的功能定义与系统构架。作为智能电能表非常核心的供电模块,传统的设计中常采用线性稳压电源,其体积笨重、转化效率低、发热大等显著缺点限制了智能电能表的发展。本文中采用反激式开关电源替代传统线性稳压电源,有效的提升了系统的电源转化效率、缩减了系统硬件体积,减小了系统发热。在其他各部分硬件设计中,系统采用计量芯片加MCU控制器的架构模式进行电路设计。选用Atmel公司的高性能高精度专用电能计量芯片ATT7053BU设计计量模块,选用专用MCU芯片FM3308作为微控制器,并协同其他芯片完成系统的通信、存储、显示等其他功能。系统在整体策略上采用模块化设计,快速灵活的实现系统的数据采集、计量、存储和处理等基本功,以及信息通信、自动控制等智能功能。完成智能电能表的硬件、软件设计后,对样表进行系统进行测试与分析。对系统开关电源部分的转化效率与纹波系数进行分析,纹波系数测试均值为1%左右,远高于5%的设计要求;平均转换效率为79%,符合设计预期。对样表进行精度校验,并在系统兼容试验前后对系统电能精确度进行比对与分析,分别测得平均有功功率的误差精度为0.056%和0.046%,符合1级表标准,试验结果符合设计要求。
[Abstract]:With the development of the society, the power system has undergone tremendous changes, and the smart grid has become the inevitable trend of the future power grid development. As an important part of the smart watt-hour meter, it is necessary to have electric energy metering. The functions of storage and processing also need to carry important intelligent functions such as network communication, automatic detection and control, and information exchange. The development of intelligent watt-hour meter will play a key role. The development of intelligent control management and miniaturization has become an important development trend. Finally, the function definition and system framework of intelligent watt-hour meter in this design are confirmed. As a very core power supply module of intelligent watt-hour meter, the traditional design often uses linear power supply, which is bulky and inefficient. In this paper, the flyback switching power supply is used to replace the traditional linear power supply, which effectively improves the power conversion efficiency of the system and reduces the hardware volume of the system. In other parts of the hardware design, the system adopts the architecture mode of metering chip and MCU controller to design the circuit. The high performance and high precision ATT7053BU chip of Atmel company is used to design the metering module. The special MCU chip FM3308 is selected as microcontroller, and other functions such as communication, storage, display and other functions are completed in cooperation with other chips. The system adopts modularization design in the overall strategy, and realizes the data acquisition and measurement of the system quickly and flexibly. Basic skills such as storage and processing, as well as intelligent functions such as information communication, automatic control, etc. After completing the hardware and software design of the intelligent watt-hour meter, The conversion efficiency and ripple coefficient of switching power supply are analyzed. The mean value of ripple coefficient is about 1%, which is much higher than the design requirement of 5%. The average conversion efficiency is 79, which is in line with the design expectation. The precision of the sample table is checked and compared and analyzed before and after the system compatibility test. The error accuracy of the average active power measured is 0.056% and 0.046 respectively, which conforms to the standard of the first grade table, and the test results meet the design requirements.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM933.4

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