开关磁阻电机低转矩脉动控制系统研究

发布时间：2018-02-28 04:50

本文关键词： 开关磁阻电机直接转矩控制转矩脉动换相区电压矢量　出处：《哈尔滨理工大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：开关磁阻电机(SRM)作为一种新型调速电机有着结构简单坚固、成本低廉、运行效率高、控制简单灵活等诸多优点,已被广泛用于航空航天、电动车驱动系统等生活和工业中的各个领域。但其本身结构的特殊性及电磁特性的非线性,使得与其它电机相比,运行时的转矩脉动更大,这限制着SRM的进一步应用和推广。因此,如何有效地解决其转矩脉动较大这一问题已经成为目前的研究热点。本文即围绕这一问题进行研究,通过对原理和运行特点的分析,提出一种基于换相区空间电压矢量的SRM直接转矩控制策略。本文首先介绍了开关磁阻电机目前的发展情况及针对降低转矩脉动的国内外研究现状。在对SRM工作原理和数学模型进行分析的基础上,利用Ansoft软件对12/8极样机进行二维有限元仿真计算,获取其磁链、矩角等参数的静态特性曲线。利用曲线数据和MATLAB/Simulink中的模块建立样机本体的非线性仿真模型,通过仿真结果验证了所建非线性仿真模型的正确性。其次,分析了直接转矩这种控制策略的原理和优势及其在SRM上的具体实现方式。针对存在的转矩失控现象,通过分析SRM在使用基本电压矢量过程中存在的缺点,提出了一种改进的SRM直接转矩控制方法,通过在换相区位置增加电压矢量,使转矩失控现象得到改善。再次,搭建直接转矩控制系统的动态仿真模型,对电机使用基本电压矢量和使用改进电压矢量时的控制系统分别进行仿真,同时,与电流斩波控制策略进行对比仿真。通过对仿真结果的分析,验证了改进后的直接转矩控制策略在一定程度上改善了转矩失控现象,降低了转矩脉动,同时控制系统运行的稳定性有所提高。最后,以TMS320F28335为控制核心,搭建了SRM驱动控制系统的实验平台,阐述了功率变换器驱动电路,各种信号的检测及调理电路,辅助电源电路以及部分软件处理流程,进行了直接转矩控制的实验测试,用实验波形和仿真波形做对比,验证了改进的直接转矩控制对改善转矩失控及减小SRM的转矩脉动具有良好的效果。
[Abstract]:SRM (switched reluctance Motor), as a new type of speed regulating motor, has many advantages, such as simple structure, low cost, high running efficiency, simple and flexible control and so on, and has been widely used in aerospace. Electric vehicle drive system and other fields of life and industry. However, the particularity of its own structure and the nonlinearity of electromagnetic characteristics make the torque ripple greater than that of other motors. This limits the further application and popularization of SRM. Therefore, how to effectively solve the problem of larger torque ripple has become a hot research topic at present. A SRM direct torque control strategy based on commutative space voltage vector is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the development of switched reluctance motor (SRM) and the research status of reducing torque ripple at home and abroad are introduced in this paper. Based on the theoretical and mathematical models, The static characteristic curves of flux chain and moment angle of 12/8 pole prototype are obtained by using Ansoft software. The nonlinear simulation model of prototype body is established by using the curve data and the module in MATLAB/Simulink. The simulation results verify the correctness of the nonlinear simulation model. Secondly, the principle and advantage of direct torque control strategy and its realization on SRM are analyzed. By analyzing the disadvantages of SRM in using the basic voltage vector, an improved SRM direct torque control method is proposed. By increasing the voltage vector in the commutative region, the phenomenon of torque runaway is improved. The dynamic simulation model of direct torque control system is built, and the control system with basic voltage vector and improved voltage vector is simulated respectively, at the same time, Compared with the current chopper control strategy, the simulation results show that the improved direct torque control strategy improves the torque runaway to a certain extent and reduces the torque ripple. At the same time, the stability of the control system is improved. Finally, with TMS320F28335 as the control core, the experimental platform of the SRM drive control system is built, and the driving circuit of the power converter, the detection and conditioning circuits of various signals are described. The auxiliary power supply circuit and part of the software processing flow are used to test the direct torque control, and the experimental waveform is compared with the simulation waveform. It is verified that the improved direct torque control has a good effect on improving the torque runaway and reducing the torque ripple of SRM.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM352;TP273

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