石墨烯材料的制备及其在超级电容器和温敏型智能器件方面的应用

发布时间：2018-02-28 16:21

  本文关键词： 石墨烯纤维 超级电容器 CVD石墨烯 RAFT聚合 温敏型智能开关　出处：《青岛大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：石墨烯作为一种新型的二维材料,是由单层碳原子通过sp~2杂化形成的共价键组成的二维层状结构。由于其优异的电学性能,光学性能,力学性能和机械性能等引起了各国科研人员的广泛关注和研究。本论文我们通过以柔性的天然蚕丝作为模板,利用简单直接喷涂的方法,将氧化石墨烯溶液喷涂到蚕丝上,然后巧妙地利用了氢碘酸的还原性和腐蚀性,在还原氧化石墨烯纤维的过程中,同时腐蚀掉了石墨烯纤维内部的蚕丝模板,成功制备了柔性的空心石墨烯纤维。然后我们利用这种柔性的空心石墨烯纤维作为电极制备了对称的全固态柔性石墨烯纤维电容器。这种全固态柔性石墨烯纤维电容器的具有优异的电容性能,加之考虑到这种方法制备石墨烯纤维简单高效,有利于以后的大规模生产,而且石墨烯纤维的长度直径等可以随意调控。因此这种方法制备空心石墨烯纤维将在未来的柔性可穿戴电子设备领域拥有巨大的应用前景。然后,我们利用化学气相沉积法(CVD法)制备了二维的石墨烯薄膜,通过RAFT聚合的方法制备了一端含有芘官能团的温敏性高分子聚N-异丙基丙烯酰胺(PNIPAAm),同时利用芘官能团与CVD石墨烯之间的π-π堆叠作用,制备了CVD石墨烯/PNIPAAm复合薄膜,并且成功验证了其在不同温度下的形变行为。当温度高于32℃时CVD石墨烯/PNIPAAm复合薄膜发生弯曲形变,当温度低于32℃时,CVD石墨烯/PNIPAAm复合薄膜形状几乎恢复了初始状态。为了充分体现二维石墨烯薄膜的柔性和导电性优势,同时利用温敏性高分子的温敏特性。CVD石墨烯/PNIPAAm复合薄膜成功制备了温敏性的智能开关来控制LED灯的开关。不仅如此,这种通过π-π堆叠作用制备石墨烯复合材料的方法,还可以推广到制备其它基于石墨烯基智能材料的响应致动器和传感器领域。
[Abstract]:Graphene, as a new two-dimensional material, is a two-dimensional layered structure composed of covalent bonds formed by monolayer carbon atoms through sp~2 hybrids. The mechanical properties and mechanical properties have attracted the attention and research of researchers all over the world. In this paper, we spray graphene oxide solution onto silk by using flexible natural silk as template and simple direct spraying method. Then ingeniously utilizing the reductive and corrosive properties of hydroiodate, in the process of reducing graphene fiber, the silk template inside the graphene fiber is corroded. The flexible hollow graphene fiber was successfully prepared, and then we prepared a symmetrical all solid flexible graphene fiber capacitor using this flexible hollow graphene fiber as the electrode. Capacitors have excellent capacitive properties, In addition, considering that this method is simple and efficient in the preparation of graphene fibers, it is beneficial to large-scale production in the future. And the length and diameter of graphene fiber can be adjusted at will. Therefore, this method will have a great application prospect in the field of flexible wearable electronic devices in the future. We prepared two-dimensional graphene thin films by chemical vapor deposition (CVD). The thermosensitive polymeric polyN- isopropylacrylamide (PNIPAAmN) with pyrene functional group at one end was prepared by RAFT polymerization, and the CVD graphene / PNIPAAm composite film was prepared by 蟺-蟺 stacking between pyrene functional group and CVD graphene. The deformation behavior of CVD graphene / PNIPAAm composite films at different temperatures is verified successfully. When the temperature is higher than 32 鈩，

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