风力发电机组齿轮箱振动监测与故障诊断方法研究

发布时间：2018-03-04 03:21

本文选题：齿轮箱　切入点：有效值　出处：《东北电力大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：风能是清洁的可再生能源,国内外将风电作为国家发展战略的重点。风力发电机组齿轮箱长期处在极端环境下极易出现故障,影响了发电量,降低了经济效益。因此,对风力发电机组齿轮箱振动监测和故障诊断方法的研究势在必行。本文以风力发电机组齿轮箱为研究对象,研究了齿轮箱振动监测和故障诊断的方法。下面介绍了本论文的主要工作:(1)主要分析一级行星两级平行和两级行星一级平行两种齿轮箱的结构及故障振动信号模型,并给出根据齿轮箱物理参数计算故障特征频率的方法,为后期故障诊断提供判据。(2)有效值监测齿轮箱的状态时,针对齿轮箱振动信号在风速、负载的突变情况下出现高能量的瞬时冲击导致有效值计算误差的问题,提出正态分布预处理的方法剔除振动信号中冲击噪声后重新计算有效值。该方法有效地降低冲击对有效值的影响,预处理后的有效值准确反应了齿轮箱振动状态。(3)根据齿轮箱故障振动信号为调幅调频信号且故障特征频率被调制到啮合频率或固有频率上的原理,从幅值解调和频率解调两个方面提取齿轮箱的故障特征频率,准确定位故障位置。(4)针对频谱、包络谱等图谱中不含时间信息的问题,采用瀑布图实现风机齿轮箱状态监测与故障诊断,通过观察瀑布图中边频带的变化可定位故障的位置和时间。
[Abstract]:Wind energy is a clean renewable energy, wind power is regarded as the key point of the national development strategy at home and abroad. The gearbox of wind turbine is prone to malfunction under the extreme environment for a long time, which affects the power generation and reduces the economic benefit. It is imperative to study the methods of vibration monitoring and fault diagnosis for the gearbox of wind turbine. The methods of vibration monitoring and fault diagnosis of gearbox are studied. The main work of this paper is: 1) to analyze the structure and fault vibration signal model of two-stage planetary parallelism and two-stage planetary one-stage parallel gearbox. The method of calculating the fault characteristic frequency according to the physical parameters of the gearbox is given, which provides a criterion for the later fault diagnosis. When the effective value monitors the condition of the gearbox, the vibration signal of the gearbox is in the wind speed. In the case of sudden change of load, the problem of calculating error of RMS is caused by the instantaneous impact of high energy. A preprocessing method of normal distribution is proposed to remove the shock noise from the vibration signal and recalculate the effective value. This method can effectively reduce the impact of shock on the effective value. According to the principle that the fault vibration signal of gear box is amplitude modulation frequency modulation signal and fault characteristic frequency is modulated to meshing frequency or natural frequency, The fault characteristic frequency of gearbox is extracted from amplitude demodulation and frequency demodulation, and the fault location is accurately located. The condition monitoring and fault diagnosis of fan gearbox are realized by waterfall diagram. The position and time of fault can be located by observing the change of side band in waterfall diagram.
【学位授予单位】：东北电力大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM315

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