智能型自适应剩余电流动作保护器的研究

发布时间：2018-03-05 19:44

本文选题：剩余电流　切入点：快速傅里叶变换　出处：《上海电机学院》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：剩余电流动作保护器在低压电网用电安全方面,起着重要的保障作用,它可以防止因故障剩余电流引发的人身触电、电气设备损坏和电气火灾等。目前,剩余电流保护器应用的环境越来越复杂。电网中急剧增加的电力电子设备,使得高低次谐波、直流分量等问题愈加突出。不仅在运行时,不同电网正常剩余电流水平差别很大,而且在不同的季节及湿度、温度变化时,即使同一电网,正常剩余电流水平也存在很大的差别。若剩余电流保护器的剩余电流动作值固定,在电网正常剩余电流较大时,保护器容易发生误动作,从而降低电网的投运率。针对以上问题,本文提出了自适应剩余电流保护技术的解决方法,提高了剩余电流保护器的自适应能力及可靠性。本文首先利用FFT变换将剩余电流信号从时域转换到频域研究,并对剩余电流信号有效值进行了计算。其次,论述了自适应剩余电流保护的实现过程,研究并设计了基于单片机的硬件系统,详细说明了系统的MCU模块、脱扣器驱动模块、电源模块和信号调理模块等的设计方法。此外,设计了相应的软件系统,画出了系统流程图。最后,为了验证本方法的可行性,对样机进行了相关的实验,并取得了预期的效果。证明了此剩余电流保护器件能够适应较复杂的工作环境,并可靠动作。
[Abstract]:The residual current action protector plays an important role in the safety of low voltage power network. It can prevent personal shock, electrical equipment damage and electrical fire caused by the residual fault current, etc. At present, The application of residual current protector is becoming more and more complicated. The rapid increase of power electronic equipment in the power network makes the problems of high and low order harmonics and DC components more and more prominent. Not only in operation, the normal residual current level of different power networks is very different. Moreover, the normal residual current level varies greatly with different seasons, humidity and temperature. If the residual current action of the residual current protector is fixed, when the normal residual current is larger, The protector is prone to misoperation, thus reducing the power network operation rate. In view of the above problems, this paper puts forward the solution of adaptive residual current protection technology. The adaptive ability and reliability of residual current protector are improved. Firstly, the residual current signal is converted from time domain to frequency domain by FFT transform, and the effective value of residual current signal is calculated. This paper discusses the realization process of adaptive residual current protection, studies and designs the hardware system based on single chip microcomputer, and explains in detail the design methods of the system's MCU module, release driver module, power module and signal conditioning module, etc. The corresponding software system is designed and the system flow chart is drawn. Finally, in order to verify the feasibility of the method, the prototype is tested. It is proved that the residual current protection device can adapt to the complex working environment and operate reliably.
【学位授予单位】：上海电机学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TM774

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