乙二胺法碳捕集工艺模拟研究

发布时间：2018-03-08 03:20

本文选题：碳捕集　切入点：动态模拟　出处：《内蒙古大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：温室气体主要组成为二氧化碳(CO2)、水蒸气、一氧化氮(NO)等气体,其中二氧化碳对温室效应影响最大,因此未来二氧化碳减排将势在必行。乙二胺法(monoethanolamine(MEA))燃烧后碳捕集技术(Post-Combustion Carbon Capture Process)目前被认为是可靠、可行的碳捕集技术之一,其过程简单、不需要进行大量改进,有利于在现有火电厂基础上进行改造,同时该方法也适用于新建电厂。基于此,本文研究了商业化乙二胺法燃烧后碳捕集工艺的静态和动态模型。首先,本文基于静态模型重点考察了吸收塔以及再生塔塔高变化的经济性分析,并对关键参数进行分析对比。通过Aspen Plus静态模拟,结果表明,当吸收塔以及再生塔塔高同时增长20%时,最终年总费用降到最低。因此两塔高度同时增加20%的模型为最经济模型。然后,通过动态模拟考察了经济模型在有扰动引入情况下碳捕集工艺的动态表现。与参照模型相比,模拟结果显示10%再沸器负荷扰动对双塔塔高增加20%的经济模型影响与参照模型相似。二氧化碳质量流率以及二氧化碳捕集率需要较长时间达到稳态。另外,由于电厂每日不同时段发电量有所变化,因此烟气排放因时而异。基于此,本文以进口烟气量作为扰动,对各设备单元关键参数影响进行研究。研究发现,进口烟气流量增加10%时,再沸器热负荷不变,二氧化碳捕集率大幅下降。动态模拟结果对于设计常见及高级碳捕集工艺控制系统至关重要。
[Abstract]:The main components of greenhouse gases are carbon dioxide (CO _ 2), water vapor, nitric oxide (no) and other gases, among which carbon dioxide has the greatest influence on Greenhouse Effect. So it will be imperative to reduce carbon dioxide emissions in the future. Post-Combustion Carbon Capture process (Post-Combustion Carbon Capture process) is considered one of the reliable and feasible carbon capture technologies, and the process is simple and does not need to be greatly improved. This method is suitable for new power plants. Based on this, the static and dynamic models of commercial ethylenediamine combustion carbon capture process are studied. Based on the static model, the economic analysis of the height variation of absorption tower and regenerated tower is studied, and the key parameters are analyzed and compared. Through Aspen Plus static simulation, the results show that when the height of absorption tower and regenerated tower increases 20% at the same time, The final annual total cost is reduced to the minimum. Therefore, the model with two tower heights increasing by 20% at the same time is the most economical model. Then, the dynamic performance of the economic model under the condition of disturbance introduction is investigated by dynamic simulation. Compared with the reference model, the dynamic behavior of the model is compared with that of the reference model. The simulation results show that the effect of the 10% reboiler load disturbance on the economic model of the twin tower height increase of 20% is similar to that of the reference model. The carbon dioxide mass flow rate and carbon dioxide capture rate need to reach steady state for a long time. Due to the variation of power generation at different times of day in power plant, flue gas emission varies from time to time. Based on this, the influence of key parameters of each equipment unit is studied by using imported flue gas quantity as disturbance. When the imported flue gas flow increases by 10, the heat load of the reboiler keeps constant, and the carbon dioxide capture rate decreases significantly. The dynamic simulation results are very important for the design of common and advanced carbon capture process control systems.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：X773

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