配电网故障区段定位的研究

发布时间：2018-03-08 12:10

本文选题：配电自动化　切入点：故障区段定位　出处：《天津理工大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着电力用户对供电质量的要求越来越高,配电网作为电力系统中直接与用户相连的部分,其供电可靠性也越来越得到用户的重视。一旦配电网发生故障,随着停电范围的扩大和停电时间的延长,国民经济损失也会随之增长。因此,当配电网发生故障时,确保最大程度地缩小停电范围和停电时间非常关键。近几年,配电自动化技术作为智能配电网技术的组成部分得到了广泛重视。作为配电自动化技术的核心,馈线自动化技术是提高配电网供电可靠性的实用技术,它通过配电终端FTU(Feeder Terminal Unit)采集互感器上送的电流和电压信息,然后将这些信息进行进一步处理后上送到配电自动化主站,主站再对这些信息进行分析处理,最后实现对配电网运行的有效控制,保证了对用户的供电可靠性。当配电网发生故障时,主站通过分析处理FTU上送的配电网故障信息,实现对故障的快速定位和隔离,因此,和人工巡检的方法相比,这种方法极大程度地减小了停电范围和停电时间。配电网故障区段定位矩阵算法是基于馈线自动化技术实现的,需要结合配电网网络拓扑的矩阵模型和FTU上送的配电网故障信息,然后通过运用故障判别原则来实现故障区段的定位。目前的矩阵算法利用基于数字量的故障判别原则实现配电网的故障区段定位,而由于实际配电网结构繁琐,故障情况也很复杂,导致目前的矩阵算法针对某些类型的故障情况无法实现准确定位。本文针对矩阵算法提出了改进措施,主要体现在设计了新的基于数字量和模拟量的故障判别原则,此改进矩阵算法极大地提高了对故障区段定位的准确性,本文通过算例分析和仿真结果验证了此算法的准确性。由于FTU安装在室外环境中,其采集数据和上送数据的过程易受到环境因素的影响,这样会使主站接收到的配电网故障信息发生畸变,最终造成系统对故障区段的定位出现错误。本文针对这个问题提出了基于反推法的故障信息畸变修复方法,它能有效的对畸变信息进行还原,最后本文通过算例分析和仿真结果验证了此修复方法的实用性。
[Abstract]:With the increasing demand of power users for power supply quality, distribution network, as a part of power system directly connected with users, has been paid more and more attention to its power supply reliability. With the expansion of blackout range and the prolongation of blackout time, the loss of national economy will also increase. Therefore, when the distribution network fails, it is very important to ensure that the blackout range and time are minimized. As the core of distribution automation technology, feeder automation technology is a practical technology to improve the reliability of distribution network power supply. It collects the current and voltage information from the transformer through FTU(Feeder Terminal Unit, and then processes the information further and sends it to the main station of distribution automation, which is then analyzed and processed by the main station. Finally, the effective control of distribution network operation is realized, which ensures the reliability of power supply to users. When the distribution network fails, the master station can quickly locate and isolate the fault by analyzing and processing the fault information sent up by FTU. Compared with the manual inspection method, this method greatly reduces the blackout range and blackout time. The algorithm of fault section location matrix is realized based on feeder automation technology. It is necessary to combine the matrix model of distribution network topology with the fault information of distribution network sent up by FTU. Then the fault section location is realized by using the principle of fault discrimination. The current matrix algorithm uses the principle of fault discrimination based on digital quantity to locate the fault section of the distribution network, but the actual distribution network structure is cumbersome. The fault situation is also very complex, which leads to the current matrix algorithm can not achieve accurate location for some types of fault situation. In this paper, the improvement measures for matrix algorithm are put forward. This improved matrix algorithm greatly improves the accuracy of fault section location. In this paper, the accuracy of the algorithm is verified by example analysis and simulation results. Because FTU is installed in outdoor environment, the process of collecting and sending data is easily affected by environmental factors. In this way, the fault information received by the main station will be distorted, and finally the fault section will be located wrong. In this paper, a method of fault information distortion repair based on backstepping method is proposed in this paper. It can effectively restore the distortion information. Finally, the practicability of the proposed method is verified by example analysis and simulation results.
【学位授予单位】：天津理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM76;TM711

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