磁耦合谐振式无线电能传输系统的研究

发布时间：2018-03-10 21:08

  本文选题：磁耦合谐振式　切入点：无线电能传输　出处：《沈阳农业大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着科技的不断发展和人类生存空间的不断压缩,传统的电能传输方式的缺点也逐渐暴露出来,有线电能传输已不能满足当今人们生活的需求。无线电能传输技术省去了电器设备与电源之间相互连接,较传统输电方式更为安全灵活,抗干扰能力更强,节省了空间,使电气设备摆脱了电源线的束缚,将人们的生活变得更加舒适便利。首先,本文通过耦合模型理论和电路模型理论两方面对磁耦合谐振式无线电能传输系统进行理论分析,并得出系统传输效率的一般表达式。从能量传输原理出发,阐明了当电源频率等于线圈谐振频率时,系统的传输效率取最大值。通过表达式可以看出,系统达到最大传输效率的前提条件是两谐振线圈之间产生电磁共振,这就要求电源频率需保持在线圈谐振频率附近。通过两种理论模型的对比分析,对无线电能传输的工作原理有了更加深入的理解,为接下来的研究分析打下了良好的基础。其次,对两种常用的谐振线圈(螺线管式谐振线圈和平面螺旋式谐振线圈)进行了研究,分析了其电感、电容及电阻参数的计算方法,对谐振线圈的参数设计提供了很大帮助。分析了导线趋肤效应与损耗、品质因数、耦合系数等因素对系统传输特性的影响,得出采用大线径和多股绕制的导线可以有效减小趋肤效应;提高传输效率的关键在于增大两线圈间的耦合系数;增大线圈电感可以提高品质因数,从而减小损耗提高效率。再次,利用HFSS仿真软件对两种谐振线圈进行仿真分析,得出在电源频率接近谐振频率时,系统具有较高的传输效率;增加谐振线圈间距,传输效率下降很快;改变谐振线圈的水平相对位置,在小范围内传输效率变化不大,当水平偏差超过1/2线圈半径时,传输效率大幅下降;线圈轴向夹角在30°以内时,传输效率变化不大,超过时传输效率很快下降到0;对中继线圈产生的影响进行仿真分析,得出中继线圈可以大幅度提高系统的传输效率;对两个发射线圈对一个接收线圈进行无线电能传输情况进行了仿真分析,仿真结果显示出,反相位的两发射线圈会产生相互抵消的效果,在接收线圈上没有能量的传输,同理同相位的两个发射线圈会产生叠加的效果。最后,根据磁耦合谐振的原理设计了一个简易的系统实验模型,对其发射装置和接收装置进行了详细的介绍,模型的核心部件采用NE555集成电路作为产生谐振所需要的高频电源,实验装置基本上实现了无线电能传输,在100mm的传输距离上可以达到约40%的传输效率。改变线圈间距、线圈水平偏移距离和线圈轴向夹角,并对系统在以上不同工作状态下的电气参数进行测量,通过对测量结果的整理分析,证实了 HFSS仿真分析的正确性,同时也提出本实验装置存在的几点不足以及还需要进行更多研究的问题。
[Abstract]:With the continuous development of science and technology and the continuous compression of human living space, the shortcomings of the traditional power transmission mode are gradually exposed. Cable power transmission can no longer meet the needs of people nowadays. Radio energy transmission technology eliminates the interconnection between electrical equipment and power supply, and is more secure and flexible than the traditional transmission mode, and has stronger anti-interference ability and saves space. It makes the electric equipment get rid of the shackles of the power line and make people's life more comfortable and convenient. Firstly, this paper analyzes the magnetically coupled resonant radio energy transmission system through the coupling model theory and the circuit model theory. Based on the principle of energy transmission, the maximum transmission efficiency of the system is illustrated when the frequency of the power supply is equal to the resonant frequency of the coil. In order to achieve the maximum transmission efficiency, the electromagnetic resonance (Mr) between the two resonant coils is the prerequisite, which requires the frequency of the power supply to be kept near the resonant frequency of the coils. We have a deeper understanding of the working principle of radio transmission, which lays a good foundation for the following research and analysis. Secondly, In this paper, two kinds of common resonant coils (solenoid resonant coils and planar spiral resonant coils) are studied, and the calculation methods of inductance, capacitance and resistance parameters are analyzed. It provides a great help to the parameter design of the resonant coil. The effects of traverse skin effect and loss, quality factor and coupling coefficient on the transmission characteristics of the system are analyzed. It is concluded that the skin effect can be effectively reduced by using large wire diameter and multi-strand winding wire, the key to improve transmission efficiency is to increase the coupling coefficient between the two coils, and the quality factor can be improved by increasing the coil inductance. In order to reduce the loss and improve the efficiency. Thirdly, using HFSS simulation software to simulate the two kinds of resonant coils, it is concluded that when the power frequency is close to the resonant frequency, the system has a higher transmission efficiency, and increases the spacing of the resonant coils. The transmission efficiency decreases rapidly, and the transmission efficiency changes little in a small range by changing the horizontal relative position of the resonant coil. When the horizontal deviation exceeds the radius of the 1/2 coil, the transmission efficiency decreases significantly, and the axial angle of the coil is less than 30 掳. The transmission efficiency is not changed much and the transmission efficiency drops to 0 when it exceeds it. The simulation analysis of the influence of the trunk coil shows that the transmission efficiency of the system can be greatly improved by the trunk coil. The radio energy transmission between two transmitting coils and one receiving coil is simulated and analyzed. The simulation results show that the two transmitting coils with inverse phase can counteract each other, and there is no transmission of energy on the receiving coils. Two transmitting coils with the same phase can produce superposition effect. Finally, according to the principle of magnetic coupling resonance, a simple system experimental model is designed, and the emitter and receiver are introduced in detail. The core component of the model is NE555 integrated circuit as the high frequency power supply needed to generate resonance. The experimental device basically realizes radio energy transmission, and can achieve transmission efficiency of about 40% at 100mm transmission distance. The horizontal offset distance of the coil and the axial angle of the coil are measured, and the electrical parameters of the system under the above different working conditions are measured. The correctness of the HFSS simulation analysis is verified by the analysis of the measuring results. At the same time, the shortcomings of the experimental device and the need for more research are also put forward.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM724
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本文编号：1595073