n型掺杂钙钛矿太阳电池的模拟和实验研究

发布时间：2018-03-12 18:50

本文选题：掺杂　切入点：钙钛　出处：《华北电力大学(北京)》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：有机-无机太阳能电池近些年来受到广泛的关注,其光电转换效率得到快速推进(从2009年的3.8%,到2016年的22.1%)。尽管钙钛矿太阳能电池发展很迅速,同时也存在很多亟待解决的问题。在这些问题当中,如何进一步有效地提升效率成为最值得关注的问题。因为对半导体材料掺杂可以改变材料的许多电学特性,例如:载流子复合率、载流子的扩散长度,进而改善器件的开路电压(VOC),界面势垒和接触电阻等。因此,对钙钛矿材料掺杂浓度的调控,尤其是n型掺杂的调控将有利于实现钙钛矿电池效率的进一步提升。为了进一步改进钙钛矿电池性能,尤其是基于n型掺杂的钙钛矿电池的性能,我们做了一系列的模拟计算工作。首先,我们用wxAMPS计算软件对n型掺杂的钙钛矿电池进行了理论模拟,从而得出了电子和空穴在电池中的动力学过程。基于这些前期的模拟计算的结果,我们开发了一种新型结构的钙钛矿太阳能电池,这种电池随着掺杂浓度的变化其光电转换效率可以连续调控,其最高效率可以超过20%。在实验研究方面,我们用简单的一步法工艺制备了高效的平板异质结有机钙钛矿电池,并且用非极性质子溶剂来达到调控钙钛矿薄膜形貌地目的,从而得到了高平整度均匀致密的钙钛矿薄膜,用这种薄膜制备出了效率达到17.85%的钙钛矿电池器件。本文重点研究了实现高效钙钛矿电池的方法和影响电池效率的关键因素,并探索了制备n型掺杂的钙钛矿电池的制备工艺。同时,通过一系列的模拟计算,得到了有效提升n型掺杂的钙钛矿电池效率的可能途径,为实验工作做出了有效的理论指导。基于上述模拟和理论研究工作,我们通过精心设计和精确调控,实现了钙钛矿电池的性能提升,效率达到了17.85%,填充因子达到70%。基于本文的研究工作,通过有效的设计和进一步的工艺优化,钙钛矿电池的性能有望获得更大的提升。
[Abstract]:Organic-inorganic solar cells have received widespread attention in recent years, and their photoelectric conversion efficiency has been rapidly improved (from 3.8 in 2009 to 22.1g in 2016), despite the rapid development of perovskite solar cells. At the same time, there are many problems that need to be solved. Among these problems, how to further improve efficiency becomes the most important problem, because doping semiconductor materials can change many electrical properties of materials. For example: carrier recombination rate, carrier diffusion length, thus improving the open circuit voltage of the device, interface barrier and contact resistance, etc. Therefore, the doping concentration of perovskite materials is regulated. In particular, the regulation of n-type doping will be beneficial to the further improvement of perovskite cell efficiency. In order to further improve the performance of perovskite battery, especially based on n-type doped perovskite battery, We do a series of simulation and calculation work. First, we use wxAMPS software to simulate n-type doped perovskite battery. The kinetic processes of electrons and holes in the cell are obtained. Based on these preliminary simulation results, we have developed a new type of perovskite solar cell. With the change of doping concentration, the photoelectric conversion efficiency of this kind of battery can be continuously regulated, and its maximum efficiency can exceed 20. In the experimental research, we have prepared a high efficiency flat plate heterojunction organic perovskite cell by a simple one-step process. The nonpolar proton solvent was used to control the morphology of perovskite films, and a high smoothness uniform and compact perovskite film was obtained. Perovskite battery devices with an efficiency of 17.85% have been fabricated by using this thin film. In this paper, the methods of realizing high efficiency perovskite batteries and the key factors affecting the efficiency of the batteries are studied. The preparation process of n-type doped perovskite battery is explored. At the same time, through a series of simulation calculations, the possible ways to effectively improve the efficiency of n-type doped perovskite battery are obtained. Based on the above simulation and theoretical research work, we have achieved the performance improvement of perovskite battery through careful design and precise control. The efficiency is 17.85 and the filling factor is 70. Based on the research work in this paper, the performance of perovskite battery is expected to be improved by effective design and further process optimization.
【学位授予单位】：华北电力大学(北京)
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM914.4

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