基于电场逆问题的三相D-dot传感器设计与测量系统研究

发布时间：2018-03-13 08:17

本文选题：电场逆问题　切入点：D-dot电场传感器　出处：《重庆大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：针对未来特高压和智能电网的发展需求,需要一种非接触、小型化和智能化的电压互感器。目前,D-dot电场传感器的研究主要解决了单相测量的问题,而在三相输电线路中,由于电场耦合,将导致测量系统的电容矩阵扩大、电场分布的改变,D-dot电场传感器分别运行在单相线路和三相的某一相线路时,测量结果将有所不同,正是这种区别的存在,在三相D-dot电场传感器设计时,需要考虑分布参数和邻相电场影响。基于场路耦合法实现对单相D-dot电场传感器参数的优化;通过三相D-dot电场传感器获得空间电场,再运用电场逆问题求得三相电压的非接触测量。全文研究内容包含以下几个部分:(1)提出了通过电场传感器测得空间电场,再运用电场逆问题求得导线电荷,最后通过模拟电荷法得到电位的三相电压非接触测量方法。研究了电场耦合电场传感器的基本测量原理,为传感器的设计与优化提供了理论基础;针对复杂空间三相电磁场分布情况,运用A?来表述对其定解问题必须满足的磁矢量位函数方程和电位函数方程,建立了基于电位移矢量的场路直接耦合数学模型。(2)为了设计出适用于三相输电线下的空间电场测量的D-dot电场传感器,提出运用有限元仿真软件Maxwell和电路仿真软件Simplorer建立D-dot电场传感器的联合仿真模型,利用场路耦合协同仿真技术,能够有效地分析出电场传感器与等效电路的相互耦合特性,达到对场传感器参数设计与优化。(3)设计了用于三路传感器信号同步采集的硬件电路,实现了传感器输出电压信号的数字化;采用LabVIEW技术将电压波形通过WIFI无线网络构建D-dot电压互感器模拟系统,实现了电压数据的图形化显示、分析和保存。(4)搭建了用于对D-dot电场传感器进行校准的单相试验平台,对电场传感器进行了相位误差、线性度、稳态及暂态校准实验;同时,还搭建了三相电压互感器模拟试验平台,试验结果表明,D-dot传感器具有较高的测量精度和良好的频率特性;系统实现了多个电场信号的同步采集,信号无失真、无延迟,同步性也较好。
[Abstract]:A non-contact, miniaturized and intelligent voltage transformer is needed for the development of UHV and smart grid in the future. At present, the research of D-dot electric field sensor mainly solves the problem of single-phase measurement, but in three-phase transmission line, Because of the electric field coupling, the capacitance matrix of the measurement system will be enlarged, and the change of electric field distribution will cause the measurement results to be different when the electric field sensor operates in the single-phase line and the three-phase line respectively. In the design of three-phase D-dot electric field sensor, the influence of distribution parameters and adjacent phase electric field should be considered. The parameters of single-phase D-dot electric field sensor are optimized based on field-circuit coupling method, and the space electric field is obtained by three-phase D-dot electric field sensor. The non-contact measurement of three-phase voltage is obtained by using the inverse problem of electric field. The main contents of this paper are as follows: (1) it is proposed that the space electric field can be measured by electric field sensor, and then the conductor charge can be obtained by using the inverse problem of electric field. Finally, the three-phase voltage non-contact measurement method of potential is obtained by simulating charge method. The basic measurement principle of electric field coupled electric field sensor is studied, which provides a theoretical basis for the design and optimization of the sensor. In view of the distribution of three-phase electromagnetic field in complex space, A? To express the magnetic vector potential function equation and the potential function equation which must be satisfied for the definite solution of the problem, In order to design a D-dot electric field sensor suitable for measuring the space electric field under three-phase transmission line, a mathematical model of direct coupling of field path based on electric displacement vector is established in order to design a D-dot electric field sensor. A joint simulation model of D-dot electric field sensor is established by using finite element simulation software Maxwell and circuit simulation software Simplorer. The coupling characteristics between electric field sensor and equivalent circuit can be effectively analyzed by using field-circuit coupling cooperative simulation technology. To achieve the design and optimization of field sensor parameters, a hardware circuit for synchronous acquisition of three sensor signals is designed, and the output voltage signal of the sensor is digitized. Using LabVIEW technology to construct D-dot voltage transformer simulation system through WIFI wireless network, realize the graphical display of voltage data, analyze and save. Build a single-phase test platform for calibrating D-dot electric field sensor. The phase error, linearity, steady-state and transient calibration experiments of the electric field sensor are carried out. At the same time, a three-phase voltage transformer simulation test platform is built. The experimental results show that the D-dot sensor has high measurement accuracy and good frequency characteristics. The system realizes synchronous acquisition of multiple electric field signals, which has no distortion, no delay and good synchronization.
【学位授予单位】：重庆大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TM933.2

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