驱动异步电机的间接矩阵变换器优化控制研究

发布时间：2018-03-20 04:09

本文选题：间接矩阵变换器　切入点：输入电流谐波　出处：《北方工业大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：间接矩阵变换器(Indirect Matrix Converter,IMC)具有正弦输入输出、网侧单位功率因数、能量双向流动、高功率密度等一系列优良性能,具有极大的优势应用于航空航天、军事装备等系统中。但其输入输出相互影响,控制结构复杂。本文深入分析其工作机理,研究优化控制策略,以实现系统的整体性能优化。本文首先采用异步电机矢量控制和IMC间接空间矢量调制组合的传统控制策略,针对IMC输入谐波成分复杂进而恶化网侧电能质量的问题,基于两种调制方法,通过引入脉冲重心思想,综合考虑不同脉宽调制策略下脉冲幅值、宽度以及分布位置等特征,分析明确了输入电流谐波的主要成分及含量。并提出降低谐波频率成分的脉宽分布规律,即逆变电路电压矢量脉宽比例对称分布,为构建出优化PWM脉冲序列提供理论依据。本文进一步引入简单直观、动态性能较好的模型预测思想,针对IMC模型预测控制策略下双向开关换流过程复杂冗长的问题,提出一种简化的零电流换流方法。通过在逆变侧单个控制周期的始端固定时间的零矢量脉冲,及整流侧最优开关状态固定时间延迟作用,实现了双向开关两步零电流换流,缩短了换流时间且无需精确电流方向检测,换流简单可靠。本文针对IMC模型预测控制策略下因检测量众多导致采样调理成本高和时延长等问题,基于输入滤波器数学模型设计输入电压观测器和新型网侧电流预测模型,实现网侧无功功率预测与输入电压的解耦,降低预测模型对观测值的依赖。在实现系统良好输入输出特性的同时简化了 AD采样、数字滤波和处理延时。最后,搭建了 IMC-IM调速系统实验平台,并实现了矢量控制和模型预测控制策略的测试实验。仿真和实验结果验证了本文提出的降低谐波成分的脉宽分布规律及基于输入电压观测的ZCC-MPC方法的正确性和有效性。
[Abstract]:The indirect Matrix converter has a series of excellent performances, such as sinusoidal input and output, unit power factor on the network side, bidirectional energy flow, high power density and so on. In military equipment and other systems, however, the input and output influence each other, and the control structure is complex. This paper deeply analyzes its working mechanism, studies the optimized control strategy, In order to realize the overall performance optimization of the system, this paper firstly adopts the traditional control strategy of the combination of asynchronous motor vector control and IMC indirect space vector modulation, aiming at the problem that the IMC input harmonic components are complex and then worsen the power quality of the network side. Based on two modulation methods, by introducing the idea of pulse center of gravity, the characteristics of pulse amplitude, width and distribution under different pulse width modulation strategies are considered synthetically. The main components and contents of the input current harmonics are analyzed, and the distribution law of pulse width of the harmonic frequency component is proposed, that is, the proportional symmetrical distribution of the voltage vector pulse width of the inverter circuit. In order to provide the theoretical basis for optimizing the PWM pulse sequence, this paper further introduces a simple and intuitive model prediction idea with better dynamic performance, aiming at the complicated and lengthy two-way switch commutation process under the IMC model predictive control strategy. A simplified zero-current commutation method is proposed. The two-step zero-current commutation is realized by the zero-vector pulse at the beginning end of a single control cycle on the inverter side and the optimal switching state fixed time delay at the rectifier side. The commutation time is shortened without the need for accurate current direction detection, and the commutation is simple and reliable. This paper aims at the problems of high sampling and conditioning cost and time prolongation due to the large number of detection measurements under predictive control strategy of IMC model. Based on the mathematical model of the input filter, the input voltage observer and the new current prediction model are designed to decouple the reactive power prediction from the input voltage. It can simplify AD sampling, digital filtering and processing delay while realizing the good input and output characteristics of the system. Finally, the experimental platform of IMC-IM speed regulating system is built. The experiments of vector control and model predictive control are carried out. The simulation and experimental results verify the correctness and effectiveness of the proposed ZCC-MPC method based on input voltage observation to reduce the pulse width distribution of harmonic components.
【学位授予单位】：北方工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM46

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