基于反电动势检测的单相混合励磁SRM转子位置估计方法

发布时间：2018-03-21 18:36

本文选题：混合励磁开关磁阻电机　切入点：转子位置估计　出处：《沈阳工业大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：开关磁阻电机因具有结构简单、效率高、容错性强及控制灵活等优点而备受关注,其应用范围已经涉及航空航天、油田、电动汽车等领域。在通常的工业应用中,考虑到自启动能力,转矩死区和转矩脉动问题,多相开关磁阻电机得到了更广泛的使用。但是多相开关磁阻电机驱动系统不仅会增加系统功率变换器成本,也会产生更多的开关损耗从而降低系统整体效率,尤其在高速运行时这些缺点会变得更加突出。本文介绍了一种单相混合励磁开关磁阻电机,区别于多相开关磁阻电机的驱动系统,该电机的驱动系统采用一相功率变换器从而将开关损耗降到最低。同时区别于传统单相开关磁阻电机,该种电机具有低转矩脉动,可以自启动且无转矩死区的优点。开关磁阻电机绕组换相依赖于转子位置的反馈,通常这个位置反馈是通过霍尔传感器实现的。然而,安装位置传感器不仅增加了电机的成本,而且在恶劣的环境下会降低系统的可靠性,因此无位置传感器技术具有重要的理论研究意义和工程应用价值。本文首先对单相混合励磁开关磁阻电机的基本结构进行了详细的介绍,然后结合MAXWELL/ANSOFT软件的仿真分析结果,介绍了该种电机的运行原理,电磁特性及其驱动系统的组成。其次详细分析了该种电机的数学模型以及永磁材料在该电机运行中的重要作用。然后基于对单相混合励磁开关磁阻电机的以上分析,提出了新型无位置传感器的转子位置估计策略,其中包括一般区域内开通/关断角的检测方法以及第一个电周期内绕组关断角的检测方法,同时给出了转子位置估计策略的控制框图和流程图。接着,根据单相混合励磁开关磁阻电机的数学模型,在MATLAB/SIMULINK中建立了该电机的仿真模型以及基于所提出的转子位置估计策略的仿真系统以验证所提出的位置估计策略的合理性及可实施性。最后介绍了试验平台的硬件组成部分和所提出位置估计策略的软件设计流程及实现过程,给出了空载试验和变载试验波形图以证明所提出的转子位置估计策略的高效性和可靠性。
[Abstract]:Switched reluctance motor (SRM) has attracted much attention because of its advantages of simple structure, high efficiency, strong fault tolerance and flexible control. Its application scope has been related to aerospace, oil field, electric vehicle and other fields. Considering the self-starting ability, dead time of torque and torque ripple, the multiphase switched reluctance motor is more widely used, but the drive system of multi-phase switched reluctance motor not only increases the cost of power converter, but also increases the cost of power converter. This paper introduces a single-phase hybrid excitation switched reluctance motor. Different from the drive system of the multiphase switched reluctance motor, the drive system of the motor uses one phase power converter to minimize the switching loss, and different from the traditional single-phase switched reluctance motor, this kind of motor has low torque ripple. Switch reluctance motor winding commutation depends on feedback of rotor position, which is usually achieved by Hall sensor. However, installing position sensor not only increases the cost of motor, And it reduces the reliability of the system in a bad environment, Therefore, sensorless technology has important theoretical significance and engineering application value. In this paper, the basic structure of single-phase hybrid excitation switched reluctance motor is introduced in detail, and then the simulation results of MAXWELL/ANSOFT software are combined. The operation principle of this kind of motor is introduced. Secondly, the mathematical model of the motor and the important role of permanent magnetic material in the operation of the motor are analyzed in detail. Then, based on the above analysis of single-phase hybrid excitation switched reluctance motor, A novel rotor position estimation strategy for sensorless rotor is proposed, which includes the detection method of open / off angle in general area and the detection method of winding turn-off angle in the first electric cycle. At the same time, the control block diagram and flow chart of rotor position estimation strategy are given. Then, according to the mathematical model of single-phase hybrid excitation switched reluctance motor, The simulation model of the motor and the simulation system based on the proposed rotor position estimation strategy are established in MATLAB/SIMULINK to verify the rationality and practicability of the proposed position estimation strategy. Finally, the hardware of the test platform is introduced. The software design flow and implementation process of the component and the proposed position estimation strategy. The waveform diagrams of no-load test and variable load test are given to prove the efficiency and reliability of the proposed rotor position estimation strategy.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TM352

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