基于低温下锂电池充电管理系统设计与实现

发布时间：2018-03-24 01:30

本文选题：锂离子电池　切入点：PTC加热　出处：《中北大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着全球能源危机以及大气污染等问题的日益加剧,纯电动汽车逐渐受到人们的青睐。锂离子电池作为纯电动汽车的动力来源,锂离子的特性受到外界温度的影响很大,进而导致在低温环境下给纯电动汽车充电会使电池的容量急剧衰减,内阻持续增大,严重时析出的锂金属会穿破电池正负极之间的隔膜,导致电池内部出现短路,甚至引起电池的燃烧、爆炸等问题。因此,设计一种基于低温下锂电池充电管理系统,成为发展纯电动汽车急需解决的问题。本课题在参照了国内外各种低温下锂离子电池加热技术的基础上,采用了PTC加热法,同时本课题设计的系统可以分为主机控制器和从机控制器两部分。其中,主机控制器承担采集CC信号、充电环路互锁信号和接收各从机控制器采集到的电池包内每个单体的电压和温度信息,并经过运算处理向车载充电机发送加热或充电请求,车载充电机响应请求,控制PTC板加热电池包或对电池包进行充电,直至充电完成。各从机控制器实时检测电池包内每个单体的电压和温度信息,并通过CAN总线与主机控制器实现实时数据交互和控制。本系统中主机控制器采用摩托罗拉(MC9S12XEP100)微处理器作为控制芯片,从机控制器采用摩托罗拉(MC9S08DZ60)单片机作为控制核心,通过实验验证表明该系统能够通过CAN总线有效地将从机控制器采集到的电压、温度数据传输到主机控制器,主机控制器将这些数据处理后向车载充电机发出控制指令,车载充电机准确地做出应答进入低温加热模式或充电模式,本课题达到了设计的预期目的,其设计是合理可行的。
[Abstract]:With the increasing global energy crisis and air pollution, pure electric vehicles (EV) are becoming more and more popular. As the power source of pure electric vehicles, the characteristics of lithium ions are greatly affected by the external temperature. In turn, charging the pure electric vehicle at low temperature will cause the capacity of the battery to decline sharply, and the internal resistance will continue to increase. In severe cases, the lithium metal released will break through the diaphragm between the positive and negative electrodes of the battery, resulting in a short circuit inside the battery. Even cause battery burning, explosion and so on. Therefore, design a lithium battery charge management system based on low temperature, It has become an urgent problem to develop pure electric vehicle. Based on the reference of various low temperature lithium ion battery heating technology at home and abroad, the PTC heating method is adopted. At the same time, the system can be divided into two parts: host controller and slave controller. The charging loop interlocking signal and receiving the voltage and temperature information of each cell in the battery packet collected by the slave controller, and sending the heating or charging request to the on-board charger through operation, the on-board charger responds to the request. Control the PTC board to heat the battery pack or charge the battery pack until the charge is completed. The slave controller can detect the voltage and temperature information of each cell in the battery pack in real time. In this system, Motorola MC9S12XEP100) microprocessor is used as the control chip, and the slave controller adopts Motorola MC9S08DZ60) as the control core. The experimental results show that the system can effectively transmit the voltage and temperature data collected from the controller to the host controller through the CAN bus, and the host controller sends out the control instructions to the on-board charger after processing these data. The on-board charger can respond accurately and enter the low temperature heating mode or charging mode. This project achieves the expected purpose of the design and its design is reasonable and feasible.
【学位授予单位】：中北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM912;U469.72

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