燃料电池铂合金纳米晶催化剂的形貌控制及稳定性研究进展

发布时间：2018-03-24 07:05

本文选题：铂合金纳米晶　切入点：燃料电池　出处：《科学通报》2017年25期

【摘要】：具有可控形貌的铂合金纳米晶,尤其是表面由(111)面构成的纳米八面体或二十面体等,被认为是一种理想的高催化活性燃料电池电极催化剂,其重要的应用价值吸引了国际上许多研究组的兴趣和大量研究.近年来有关铂合金纳米晶的形貌可控合成和催化性能取得了突飞猛进的进展;但与此同时,如何在长期的催化反应服役过程中保持合金纳米晶的形貌和催化性能的长期稳定是拓展其实际应用的重要瓶颈.本文首先回顾了近年来在铂合金纳米晶的形貌调控和催化性能提升上的重要进展,进一步介绍了铂合金纳米晶在催化反应前后形貌和催化性能的稳定性,以及基于高分辨透射电子显微镜和谱学分析的失效机制研究;最后,总结了提高形貌和催化性能稳定性的一些可行途径.这些结果对进一步设计具有高活性、长寿命的燃料电池铂合金纳米催化剂具有较好的指导作用,同时也对用于其他催化反应的金属合金纳米晶催化剂具有一定的借鉴作用.
[Abstract]:Platinum alloy nanocrystalline with controllable morphology, especially nano-octahedron or icosahedron with a surface of 111, is considered to be an ideal electrode catalyst for highly catalytic active fuel cell. Its important application value has attracted the interest and research of many research groups in the world. In recent years, the morphology controlled synthesis and catalytic performance of platinum alloy nanocrystals have made rapid progress; but at the same time, How to maintain the long-term stability of the morphology and catalytic performance of the alloy nanocrystals during the long service of catalytic reaction is an important bottleneck to expand its practical application. This paper first reviews the morphology modulation of platinum alloy nanocrystals in recent years. Important advances in control and catalytic performance enhancement, The stability of the morphology and catalytic performance of platinum alloy nanocrystals before and after catalytic reaction and the failure mechanism based on high resolution transmission electron microscopy and spectroscopic analysis are further introduced. Some feasible ways to improve the morphology and stability of the catalyst are summarized. These results have a good guiding effect on the further design of high activity and long life platinum alloy nanocatalysts for fuel cells. It can also be used as a reference for metal alloy nanocrystalline catalysts for other catalytic reactions.
【作者单位】：清华大学深圳研究生院能源与环境学部;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金(21573123) 国家优秀青年科学基金(51622103)资助
【分类号】：O643.36;TM911.4

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