柔性太阳能电池用于扑翅翼飞行的力学、电学性能实验研究

发布时间：2018-03-24 12:01

本文选题：扑翼飞行器　切入点：太阳能电池　出处：《中国民航大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：微型飞行器(MAV,Micro Aerial Vehicle)的产生和发展给人类生活带来了很多便利,还能够凭借自身的高灵活性、机动性飞行和小特征尺寸优势,执行很多人类无法完成的任务,也帮助实现了很多科研领域的探索和突破。科学研究证实,在15cm以下特征尺寸的范围内,扑翼飞行器相对于固定翼和旋翼飞行器而言,具有更高的灵活性和机动性。而太阳能则是一种公认的优质能源,具有清洁可再生等特点。目前,国内扑翼飞行器研制领域的绝大部分研究仍停留在单一锂电池功能的阶段。而国际范围内,也只有马里兰大学进行了将太阳能电池板用于仿鸟型扑翼飞行器作为备用补给能源的应用尝试。但由于仿鸟类扑翼飞行器的扑翼频率相对较低,马里兰大学的研究并没有涉及到振动对太阳能电池性能可能造成的影响,本研究即尝试在一定程度上弥补这一空缺。研究旨在通过实验的方式,探究柔性薄膜太阳能电池板在扑翼飞行器上应用的可行性和适用性。依据疲劳振动力学及共振原理,所选取的实验条件为样品柔性薄膜太阳能电池板的一阶固有频率振动,探究“极限差”工作环境下太阳能电池板样品的力学、电学振动特性表现。研究前期主要针对太阳能电池板样品进行了数值模拟、理论计算和自由振动实验,来确定样品的固有频率可能取值范围。三者所得到的结果相互吻合度较高,证明了计算中一些条件假设和估算的合理性。在此基础上,在振动平台上进行了振动实验。由于研究课题较为前沿,目前尚无类似实验研究发表,因而整个实验方案全部为自主设计实施。期间还自主设计了实验专用的薄膜太阳能电池板夹具、制作了能够实现输出电压实时显示的单片机。针对太阳能电池板样品自身尺寸小、质量轻的特点,将一些不适用的传统实验方法进行了改良,例如将水平自由振动改为竖直方向、舍弃粘贴加速度传感器而改为手动扫频等。后期还根据对实验现象的观察和结果分析对实验进行了优化改进,取得了良好的优化效果。
[Abstract]:The emergence and development of MAVV Micro Aerial vehicle has brought a lot of convenience to human life, and has also been able to perform many tasks that cannot be accomplished by human beings by virtue of their high flexibility, maneuverability flight and small feature size advantages. It has also helped to achieve many scientific discoveries and breakthroughs. Scientific research has confirmed that flapping-wing aircraft are relative to fixed-wing and rotary-wing aircraft in the range below the characteristic size of 15cm. Has higher flexibility and mobility. Solar energy is recognized as a quality energy, with the characteristics of clean and renewable. Most of the research in the field of flapping-wing aircraft development in China is still at the stage of single lithium battery function. Only the University of Maryland has tried to use solar panels for birdlike flapping aircraft as a backup energy source. But because of the relatively low flapping frequency, The University of Maryland study did not address the possible impact of vibration on the performance of solar cells. The feasibility and applicability of flexible thin film solar panels in flapping wing aircraft were explored. According to the principle of fatigue vibration and resonance, the experimental conditions were selected as the first order natural frequency vibration of the flexible thin film solar panels. The mechanical and electrical vibration characteristics of solar panel samples under the working conditions of "limit difference" were investigated. The numerical simulation, theoretical calculation and free vibration experiments of solar panel samples were carried out in the early stage of the study. To determine the possible range of natural frequencies of the samples. The results obtained by the three methods have a good agreement with each other, which proves the reasonableness of some conditional assumptions and estimates in the calculation. Vibration experiments have been carried out on the vibration platform. Because of the advanced research topics, no similar experimental research has been published. Therefore, the whole experiment plan was designed and implemented on its own. During this period, the special film solar panel fixture for the experiment was also designed independently. A single chip microcomputer which can display the output voltage in real time is made. In view of the small size and light mass of the solar panel sample, some unsuitable traditional experimental methods are improved. For example, the horizontal free vibration is changed to vertical direction, and the acceleration sensor is replaced by manual sweep instead. The experiment is optimized and improved according to the observation and result analysis of the experimental phenomena in the later stage, and good optimization results are obtained.
【学位授予单位】：中国民航大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM914.4

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