考虑低碳约束的分布式电源优化配置方法研究

发布时间：2018-03-25 09:30

  本文选题：分布式电源　切入点：电网优化配置　出处：《湖南大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着能源问题与气候条件变化问题日益被关注,实现低碳经济发展、减少化石能源的过度消耗成为了各国与各行各业的一致目标。近年来,随着经济的增长,我国的碳排放量明显增高,其中以煤炭为燃料的火力发电的环境成本较高,所以电力行业作为中国重要的能源部门,是实现低碳电力,引领全社会低碳发展的关键。分布式电源由于其低污染、储量大、灵活性及可靠性高等特点引起了人们的日益重视,得以快速的发展,并对电网产生了重大影响。分布式电源并网能有效解决当前面临的颇为棘手的经济、能源和环境等方面的问题,但分布式电源接入电网后会对电网的潮流分布、网络损耗、电压分布、系统规划等方面产生的影响,且影响程度与分布式电源接入的位置和容量密切相关。一旦配置不当,会影响电网正常运行指标和导致资源浪费。因此,分布式电源在电网中的优化配置方法研究具有重要的理论和实践意义。分布式电源接入电网后会产生一定量的碳排放,对环境产生一定的影响。在传统的分布式电源优化配置方法的基础上,本文通过采用全生命周期评估方法,对分布式电源的碳排放系数进行计算,利用灰色预测方法结合具体算例综合分析了分布式电源接入电网后产生的碳排放影响,并将分布式电源的碳排放影响考虑到分布式电源的优化配置方法中。本文建立了以电网的有功网损最小为目标函数的分布式电源优化配置的数学模型,在潮流约束和运行约束条件以外,同时考虑接入分布式电源后的碳排放约束进行模型仿真,基于场景法对分布式电源出力和电网负荷等不确定性因素进行处理,利用GAMS软件中的非线性混合整数问题优化算法得到分布式电源最优的接入位置和容量。以IEEE 30节点系统和湖南省郴州市电网为算例,验证了该方法的有效性。同时通过比较考虑低碳约束前后的仿真结果,发现两个算例在考虑低碳约束后的网络损耗尽管有少量增加,但是一天内的碳排放量分别减少了近30kg和100kg,所以在进行分布式电源优化配置时考虑低碳约束能够有效减少电网的碳排放,具有实际意义。
[Abstract]:With the increasing attention to energy and climate change, the realization of low-carbon economy and the reduction of excessive consumption of fossil energy have become the common goals of various countries and industries. In recent years, with the growth of economy, China's carbon emissions have increased significantly, in which coal-fired thermal power generation has a higher environmental cost, so the electricity industry, as an important energy sector in China, is to realize low-carbon electricity. Because of its low pollution, large reserves, high flexibility and high reliability, distributed power generation has attracted more and more attention and developed rapidly. Distributed generation can effectively solve the thorny problems in economy, energy and environment, but the distribution of power flow and network loss will be affected by the distributed generation when it is connected to the power grid. The influence of voltage distribution, system planning and so on is closely related to the location and capacity of distributed power access. If not configured properly, it will affect the normal operation index of power grid and lead to waste of resources. It is of great theoretical and practical significance to study the optimal configuration method of distributed generation in power network. When distributed generation is connected to power grid, it will produce a certain amount of carbon emissions. On the basis of the traditional optimal configuration method of distributed power supply, the carbon emission coefficient of distributed power generation is calculated by using the whole life cycle evaluation method. In this paper, the influence of carbon emission caused by distributed power generation connected to the power network is analyzed comprehensively by using grey prediction method and concrete examples. The influence of carbon emission of distributed generation is taken into account in the optimal configuration method of distributed power supply. A mathematical model of optimal configuration of distributed power supply is established in this paper, which takes the minimum of active power loss as the objective function. Besides the power flow constraint and the operation constraint, the model simulation is carried out by considering the carbon emission constraints of the distributed power supply, and the uncertainty factors such as power generation and power grid load are treated based on the scenario method. The optimal access position and capacity of distributed power generation are obtained by using the nonlinear mixed integer problem optimization algorithm in GAMS software. The IEEE 30-bus system and Chenzhou Power Grid in Hunan Province are taken as an example. The effectiveness of the method is verified. By comparing the simulation results before and after considering low carbon constraints, it is found that the network losses of two examples with low carbon constraints are slightly increased. However, the carbon emissions in one day are reduced by nearly 30kg and 100kg, respectively, so it is of practical significance to consider the low carbon constraints in the optimal configuration of distributed power supply to effectively reduce the carbon emissions of the power grid.
【学位授予单位】：湖南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TM715
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本文编号：1662528