多酸对酞菁敏化太阳能电池光伏性能的促进作用

发布时间：2018-03-25 11:05

本文选题：多金属氧酸盐　切入点：光电导　出处：《东北师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：当今世界,一次性能源的储量日渐减少,多种新型优质能源逐渐走上了历史舞台。其中,太阳能取自于大自然,储量“无限”,因此,太阳能的有效开发成为研究人员关注的热点之一,其中,太阳能电池可以实现太阳能到电能的转换。酞菁,结构稳定、价格低廉、吸光范围较宽,作为钌类化合物的替代物广泛应用于染料敏化太阳能电池中,但电池整体的效率仍然比较低。多酸可以做为“电子中介”捕获和传递光生电子,进而提高半导体材料的光伏性能;另外,AgNPs独特的光化学特性有利于改善染料对光的吸收,良好的导电性能有利于加速电子转移,提高电子注入效率。本文,首先探究了Keggin型钨系列多酸的光电导性能,然后,利用多酸能够传导电子的特点以及银纳米粒子独特的等离子体共振效应和良好的导电性能,分别将多酸和多酸-银纳米粒子作为修饰成分,应用于酞菁敏化太阳能电池,探究它们对电池光伏性能的促进作用。1.制备了以对称性酞菁为敏化剂的染料敏化太阳能电池。实验数据表明,相比以单独的TiO_2为光阳极的电池,经过多酸修饰后,电池的转换效率提高了150%。这主要是因为多酸的引入可以减少光生电子与染料/电解液的复合,促进光生电子的转移。并且我们通过EIS、OCVD等测试验证了上述解释。2.通过原位合成技术,以POM为还原剂,制备了POM-AgNPs复合物,将其作为修饰成分,掺杂到酞菁敏化太阳能电池的光阳极之中。相比于单独使用多酸进行修饰,经过多酸-银纳米粒子的共同修饰后,电池的性能得以明显改善。这主要是因为银纳米粒子可以通过等离子体共振效应促进染料对光的吸收,并且其良好的导电性能可以加速光生电子的转移,进而改善电池的光伏性能。3.采用刮涂技术,制备了一系列Keggin型钨系列多酸薄膜,通过电流-电压曲线测试和光电流测试探究其光电导性能。光电流测试表明,Keggin型多酸具有稳定且可重复的光电流响应,其中,PW_(12)展示了最强的光电流响应,另外,利用PW_(12)光导器件探究了对乙醇气体的传感能力,这是首次使用多酸作为气体传感材料。
[Abstract]:In today's world, the reserves of disposable energy are dwindling, and a number of new and high-quality energy sources have gradually entered the historical stage. Among them, solar energy is taken from nature and its reserves are "unlimited," so, The effective development of solar energy has become one of the hot topics that researchers pay attention to. Among them, solar cells can realize the conversion of solar energy to electricity. Phthalocyanine is stable in structure, low in price and wide in light absorption range. As a substitute for ruthenium compounds, it is widely used in dye sensitized solar cells, but the overall efficiency of the cell is still relatively low. Polyacids can be used as "electronic intermediary" to capture and transfer photogenerated electrons. In addition, the unique photochemical properties of AgNPs are conducive to improving the absorption of light by dyes, and good conductivity is conducive to accelerating electron transfer and increasing the efficiency of electron injection. The photoconductivity of Keggin series of tungsten polyacids was studied, and then the unique plasmon resonance effect and good conductivity of silver nanoparticles were obtained by using the characteristics of polyacid to conduct electrons. Polyacid and polyacid-silver nanoparticles were used as modifiers for phthalocyanine sensitized solar cells. The photovoltaic properties of photovoltaic cells were investigated. 1. Dye sensitized solar cells with symmetrical phthalocyanine as sensitizer were prepared. The experimental data showed that compared with the cells with single TiO_2 as photoanode, the cells were modified by polyacid. The conversion efficiency of the battery has been increased by 150. This is mainly because the introduction of polyacids can reduce the combination of photogenerated electrons and dye / electrolyte. To promote photoelectron transfer. And we verified the above explanation by means of EIS-OCVD and other tests. 2. Through in situ synthesis technology, POM-AgNPs complex was prepared with POM as the reducing agent, as the modified component. Doped into the photoanode of phthalocyanine sensitized solar cell. Compared with using polyacid alone, the photoanode is modified by polyacid-silver nanoparticles. This is due to the fact that silver nanoparticles can promote the absorption of dye light through the plasmon resonance effect, and its good conductivity can accelerate the transfer of photogenerated electrons. In order to improve the photovoltaic performance of the cell. 3. A series of Keggin series of tungsten polyacid films were prepared by scraping technique. The photoconductivity was investigated by current-voltage curve test and photocurrent test. The photocurrent test showed that the Keggin polyacid had a stable and repeatable photocurrent response, among which PWS / 12 showed the strongest photocurrent response. The sensing ability of ethanol gas is investigated by using the PW12) photoconductive device, which is the first time that polyacid is used as a gas sensing material.
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM914.4

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