DPP类三元聚合物给体材料的合成、性质及其在有机太阳能电池中的应用

发布时间：2018-03-27 06:48

本文选题：聚合物太阳能电池　切入点：三元聚合物给体材料　出处：《太原理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着人类对新能源需求不断的增加,太阳能作为一种取之不尽的新型可再生能源,受到了社会各界的广泛关注。为了更好的利用太阳能这种新型能源解决能源危机和生态环境问题,人们开始大力发展太阳能光伏产业,特别是有机太阳能电池的发展。有机太阳能电池材料以其质量轻、成本低、原材料易于获取等特点成为广泛关注的对象。目前,已经报道的有机太阳能光电转换效率已经超过了10%。但是有机太阳能电池的效率相比较无机半导体太阳能电池而言要低的多、寿命也短很多,从而导致无法广泛应用。因此为了提高其效率,设计合成出综合性能良好新型有机太阳能电池给体材料是一个关键的突破口。本论文结合三元聚合物结构一系列的优点、DPP单元的优点,以及其他单元比如噻吩、并噻吩、苯单元的优点,意图构建出以DPP为基础单元的聚合物材料,并且是具有2A/D结构或具有1A/2D结构的三元聚合物,用这种结构类型的材料作为有机太阳能电池的给体材料,进而改善其各项性能,从而获得高效率的OPVs。(1)本论文第三章,合成出四种三元聚合物给体材料PDPP-Th1-TT1、PDPP-Th2-TT1、PDPP-Th1-TT9和PDPP-Th9-TT1。这四种材料都以二酮吡咯并[3,4-c]吡咯(DPP)作为受体单元,噻吩(Th)和噻吩并噻吩(TT)作为给体单元,且结构为非规整聚合物。PDPP-Th1-TT1、PDPP-Th2-TT1、PDPP-Th1-TT9和PDPP-Th9-TT1具有较好的热稳定性,热失重5%时的温度分别为390.5°C、390.5°C、387°C和391°C。同时它们的吸收光谱较宽,在530 nm-950 nm范围之间都有覆盖。我们改变四种聚合物的给受体比例之后发现,聚合物的HOMO/LUMO能级也随之发生改变。以这四种聚合物作为给体材料,PC70BM作为受体材料制备OPVs器件,其器件结构为ITO/PEDOT:PSS/Polymer:PCBM/LiF/Al。我们通过改变溶剂体系对器件进行优化,找出最佳的溶剂体系。接着在最佳溶剂体系下进行不同给受体比例的优化,找出最佳的给受体比例之后,又进行了不同退火温度的优化、添加剂以及蒸汽处理的优化。最终使得有机聚合物太阳能电池的转化效率达到3.47%。(2)论文第四章以两种不同侧链的二酮吡咯并[3,4-c]吡咯(DPP)作为受体单元,噻吩并噻吩(TT)作为给体单元通过Stille偶联聚合反应合成两种非规整的三元聚合物给体材料,PDPP-TT1-DPP1和PDPP-TT1-DPP2,然后分别从光学性能、热性能、电化学性能对两种材料进行测试分析。通过改变给受体比例,我们成功拓宽了两种聚合物材料的吸收光谱,光谱范围在600-1000 nm之间。聚合物热失重为5%的温度范围在380-400°C之间,具有良好的热稳定性。并且该类聚合物具有较低的HOMO能级,是一类性能优异的有机聚合物太阳能电池给体材料。(3)论文第五章以两种不同侧链的二酮吡咯并[3,4-c]吡咯(DPP)作为受体单元,苯(B)作为给体单元改变给受体比例,通过Stille偶联聚合反应合成两种非规整的三元聚合物给体材料,PDPP-B1-DPP1和PDPP-B1-DPP2。分别从光学性能、热性能、电化学性能对两种材料进行测试分析。我们发现两种聚合物材料在600-1000 nm之间有很明显的吸收带,聚合物材料热失重为5%的温度分别为382.67°C、和385.33°C,并且该类聚合物也具有较低的HOMO能级,在各项性能方面,符合制备有机太阳能电池器件的条件。
[Abstract]:With the increasing demand for new energy, solar energy as a renewable energy inexhaustible, has attracted wide attention from all walks of life. In order to solve the energy crisis and environmental problems by using this new solar energy better, people began to vigorously develop solar photovoltaic industry, especially the development of organic solar cells, organic solar cell materials. With its light weight, low cost, easy access to raw materials and other characteristics become the object of widespread concern. At present, organic solar photoelectric conversion efficiency has been reported to have more than 10%. but the efficiency of organic solar cells compared to inorganic semiconductor solar cells is low, life is also very short, resulting in so it can not be widely used. In order to improve the efficiency of the design, synthesis of good comprehensive properties of novel organic solar cell donor material A key breakthrough. This paper combines the advantages of three yuan polymer structure a series of advantages of DPP units, and other units such as thiophene, benzene and thiophene, advantages of unit, the intention to build a DPP polymer basic unit, and is a 2A/D structure or three yuan polymer with 1A/2D structure, with the this type of construction materials as organic solar cell material, thereby improving its performance, thus achieving a high efficiency of OPVs. (1) the third chapter of this thesis, synthesis of four kinds of polymer materials to three yuan PDPP-Th1-TT1, PDPP-Th2-TT1, PDPP-Th1-TT9 and PDPP-Th9-TT1. of the four materials in two and [3,4-c] (DPP pyrrole pyrrole ketone as the acceptor unit), thiophene (Th) and thienothiophene (TT) as the donor unit, and the structure is non regular polymer.PDPP-Th1-TT1, PDPP-Th2-TT1, PDPP-Th1-TT9 and PDPP-Th9-TT1 had better The thermal stability, thermal weight loss of 5% temperature was 390.5 ~ C, 390.5 ~ C, 387 ~ C and 391 ~ C. and their absorption spectrum is wide, are covered in the 530 nm-950 range of nm. We change four kinds of polymers to receptors found that the proportion of HOMO/LUMO level, with the occurrence of polymers in order to change. The four kinds of polymer as donor materials, PC70BM as the receptor material for the preparation of OPVs devices, the device structure of ITO/PEDOT:PSS/Polymer:PCBM/LiF/Al. by changing the solvent system of the device is optimized, to find out the best solvent system. Then optimize the different receptor in the proportion of the best solvent system, then to find the best proportion of receptor also, optimize the different annealing temperature, additives and optimization of steam treatment. The conversion efficiency of polymer solar cells reached 3.47%. (2) in Chapter fourth to two Different side chain ketone two pyrrolo [3,4-c] pyrrole (DPP) as the acceptor unit, thienothiophene (TT) as the three element polymer donor unit reaction synthesis of two kinds of non structured by Stille coupling polymerization material, PDPP-TT1-DPP1 and PDPP-TT1-DPP2, and then from the optical properties, thermal properties, electrochemical properties of two kinds of the material was tested and analyzed. By changing the ratio of success to the receptor, we broaden the absorption spectra of two kinds of polymer materials, the spectral range between 600-1000 nm. The polymer TG for 5% in the temperature range between 380-400 DEG C, has good thermal stability. And the polymer has low HOMO energy levels, is an organic polymer solar cell is a class of high performance material. (3) the fifth chapter to the two different side chain ketone two pyrrolo [3,4-c] pyrrole (DPP) as the acceptor unit, benzene (B) as a unit to change The proportion of three yuan to the receptor, synthesis of two kinds of non structured polymers by Stille coupling polymerization to the body material, PDPP-B1-DPP1 and PDPP-B1-DPP2. respectively from the optical properties, thermal properties, electrochemical properties of two kinds of materials were tested and analyzed. We found that two kinds of polymer materials have obvious absorption band at 600-1000 nm, Tg polymer materials the temperature of 5% DEG C and 382.67 respectively, 385.33 ~ C, and the polymer has low HOMO energy levels, performance in various aspects, meet the conditions of the preparation of organic solar cell devices.

【学位授予单位】：太原理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM914.4

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