双三相感应电机无速度传感器矢量控制系统研究

发布时间：2018-03-30 03:11

本文选题：双三相感应电机　切入点：空间矢量脉宽调制　出处：《中国矿业大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着科学技术的发展,传统的三相电机调速系统在船舶推进、航空航天等低压大功率应用场合往往不能够满足控制需求,使得多相电机调速控制逐渐成为研究热点。与传统的三相交流电机相比,多相感应电机具有转矩脉动小、可靠性高、能够实现低压大功率运行等优点。为了实现高性能的控制需求,常采用矢量控制和直接转矩控制的闭环控制策略进行交流调速控制。与直接转矩控制相比,矢量控制所得电机电流纹波更少,且其转矩脉动也相对较低。传统的速度传感器常会受到环境及电机参数的影响,转速检测不精确,通过转速估计模块替代速度传感器的无速度传感器技术,能够解决这类问题。本文以双三相感应电机为研究对象,对其绕组结构、时空谐波特性以及磁动势情况进行了研究分析。根据空间矢量解耦变换理论,建立了双三相感应电机数学模型,通过仿真实验研究验证了其正确性。为了有效抑制空间谐波电流,根据空间矢量解耦变换原理,采用合适的中间电压矢量进行合成,实现一种新的空间矢量解耦空间矢量脉宽调制(SVPWM)算法,并通过开环仿真模型,对该算法进行了验证。根据转子磁链定向原理,研究了传统的双三相感应电机矢量控制策略,然后通过采用内模控制器替代电流环PI调节器,研究了基于电流环内模控制的双三相感应电机矢量控制系统。通过对两种控制方案的仿真对比,验证了内模矢量控制方案的正确性和优越性。采用无速度传感器模块代替传统的轴编码器对电机转速进行估计跟踪,以模型参考自适应(MRAS)原理为基础,采用一种变参数型MRAS转速辨识算法对双三相电机调速系统的无速度传感器模块进行了优化设计,使其能够在电机低速和高速运转时都能表现出良好的跟踪特性。通过双三相感应电机实验平台分别对开环SVPWM算法、闭环矢量控制策略以及无速度传感器控制方案进行了实验研究,结果表明文中所述理研究的理论及方法的有效性与可行性。
[Abstract]:With the development of science and technology, the traditional three-phase motor speed regulation system in the marine propulsion, aerospace and other low-voltage high-power applications often can not meet the control needs. Compared with the traditional three-phase AC motor, the multi-phase induction motor has less torque ripple and higher reliability. In order to realize the demand of high performance control, the closed loop control strategy of vector control and direct torque control is often used for AC speed regulation control. The current ripple of vector control motor is less and its torque ripple is relatively low. The traditional speed sensor is often affected by the environment and motor parameters, and the speed measurement is not accurate. This problem can be solved by replacing speed sensorless technology with speed estimation module. In this paper, the windings of two-phase induction motor are studied. Based on the theory of space vector decoupling transformation, the mathematical model of double three phase induction motor is established. In order to suppress the space harmonic current effectively, according to the principle of space vector decoupling transformation, the suitable intermediate voltage vector is synthesized. A new space vector decoupling space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) algorithm is implemented. The algorithm is verified by an open-loop simulation model. Based on the rotor flux orientation principle, the traditional vector control strategy of two-phase induction motor is studied. Then the vector control system of two-phase induction motor based on current loop internal mode control is studied by replacing the current loop Pi regulator with the internal model controller. The correctness and superiority of the internal model vector control scheme are verified. Speed sensorless module is used instead of the traditional shaft encoder to estimate and track the motor speed, which is based on the principle of model reference adaptive control (MRASS). In this paper, a variable parameter MRAS speed identification algorithm is used to optimize the speed sensorless module of dual three-phase motor speed control system. It can show good tracking characteristics at low speed and high speed. The open-loop SVPWM algorithm is applied to the two-three-phase induction motor experiment platform. The closed loop vector control strategy and the speed sensorless control scheme are studied experimentally. The results show that the theory and method discussed in this paper are effective and feasible.
【学位授予单位】：中国矿业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM346;TP273

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