基于脉振高频电流注入的永磁同步电机无传感器控制研究

发布时间：2018-04-01 16:34

本文选题：表贴式永磁同步电机　切入点：脉振高频电流注入　出处：《南京理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：永磁同步电机因其具有转动惯量小、结构简单和效率高等优点,在工业自动化等领域有着得天独厚的优势。传统的永磁同步电机驱动系统中,为检测电机转子位置信息常常安装有机械式的位置传感器。虽然推广这种机械式的位置传感器极大的提高了电机驱动系统的控制性能,但也带来了例如安装复杂、成本偏高等诸多弊端,限制了其应用场合。在此背景下,永磁同步电机无传感器技术成为了提高工业自动化程度势在必行的趋势,也成为了学者们研究的热点。本文从原理上分析了高频信号注入法等无传感器控制算法,对其中的脉振高频电流注入法进行了进一步的研究,对比了采用不同种类滤波器对电机无传感器控制方案的影响。首先,本文阐述了永磁同步电机驱动技术的国内外研究现状,针对对永磁同步电机矢量控制系统及无传感器算法的原理、应用场合进行了分类和概述,并简单列举了常见的无传感器控制方法。其次,本文使用仿真软件搭建了永磁同步电机矢量控制系统的仿真模型,先后对有传感器和无传感器系统的分别进行了仿真分析。然后,本文重点对脉振高频电流注入法这一无传感器控制算法进行了进一步研究,进行了相关理论公式推导、位置/速度估算模块设计以及数字滤波器研究,并且对比了IIR数字滤波器和FIR数字滤波器对该算法性能的影响,得出后者具有更优良滤波性能的结论。最后,针对一台额定功率为750W的小型表贴式永磁同步电机,本文搭建了电机矢量控制系统硬件平台,设计了基于脉振高频电流注入法的软件系统,并在最后进行了系统调试。实验给出了电机起动、加/卸负载、稳定运行等各运行状态的波形,验证了本文所论述内容的正确性和可行性。
[Abstract]:Permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) has unique advantages in industrial automation due to its advantages of small moment of inertia, simple structure and high efficiency.In the traditional PMSM drive system, mechanical position sensors are often installed to detect the rotor position information of the PMSM.Although the promotion of this kind of mechanical position sensor greatly improves the control performance of the motor drive system, it also brings many disadvantages such as complex installation, high cost and so on, which limits its application.Under this background, the sensorless technology of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) has become an imperative trend to improve the degree of industrial automation, and has also become a hot research topic of scholars.In this paper, sensorless control algorithms such as high frequency signal injection method are analyzed in principle. The pulse high frequency current injection method is further studied, and the influence of different filters on sensorless control scheme of motor is compared.Firstly, this paper describes the current research situation of PMSM drive technology at home and abroad, and classifies and summarizes the principle of PMSM vector control system and sensorless algorithm.The common sensorless control methods are also briefly listed.Secondly, the simulation model of vector control system of PMSM is built by using simulation software, and the sensor and sensorless system are simulated and analyzed successively.Then, this paper focuses on the high frequency pulse current injection method, which is a sensorless control algorithm, including the derivation of relevant theoretical formulas, the design of position / velocity estimation module and the research of digital filter.The effect of IIR digital filter and FIR digital filter on the performance of the algorithm is compared, and the conclusion that the latter has better filtering performance is obtained.Finally, for a small permanent magnet synchronous motor with rated power of 750W, the hardware platform of vector control system is built, and the software system based on high frequency pulse current injection method is designed, and the system is debugged at the end of the paper.The waveforms of motor starting, loading / unloading, stable operation and so on are given, and the correctness and feasibility of the contents discussed in this paper are verified.
【学位授予单位】：南京理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM341

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