开关磁阻电机瞬态转矩控制技术研究

发布时间：2018-04-04 00:25

本文选题：开关磁阻电机　切入点：瞬态转矩控制　出处：《河北科技大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着全球化石能源逐渐减少以及环境的持续恶化,发展电动汽车显得越来越重要。电机的驱动可以直接影响电动汽车的性能。相比与传统异步电动机,开关磁阻电机不仅具有结构简单、坚固耐用等优点。更重要的是它具有高启动转矩和相对较低的启动电流,并且可控参数多,调速性能好。但是由于受自身双凸极结构等因素的影响,使得电机在调速过程中存在较大转矩脉动。因此本文采用开关磁阻电机瞬态转矩控制技术,力图减小转矩脉动,提高开关磁阻电机驱动系统的性能。本文从降低开关磁阻电机转矩脉动出发,首先对开关磁阻电机的结构和工作原理进行分析,然后,进一步推导出数学模型。在此基础上对理想线性化模型进行了分析。在控制技术上引入了开关磁阻电机瞬态转矩控制技术。重点设计了转矩滞环控制器,并通过改进的滞环控制器使得瞬时转矩能够实时跟随给定转矩。另外,针对开关磁阻电机运行时转子的不同位置,划分为单相导通区域和双相导通区域。重点分析了换相过程中转矩和电流分配策略。然后采用Matlab/Simulink,分别搭建了电流斩波控制、直接转矩控制、直接瞬时转矩控制仿真模型,通过对仿真结果的分析对比,验证了该控制方法的优越性。在此基础上,设计了开关磁阻电机瞬态转矩控制系统硬件电路。重点对功率变换电路进行了设计。最后,搭建了以STM32F051为核心的开关磁阻电控制调速系统实验平台。通过对实验结果的分析,进一步验证了瞬态转矩控制可以起到抑制电流和转矩脉动的效果。
[Abstract]:With the decrease of fossil energy and the deterioration of environment, the development of electric vehicles is becoming more and more important.Motor drive can directly affect the performance of electric vehicles.Compared with traditional asynchronous motor, switched reluctance motor (SRM) not only has the advantages of simple structure and durability.More importantly, it has high starting torque and relatively low starting current, and has many controllable parameters and good speed regulation performance.However, due to its double salient structure and other factors, the motor has a large torque ripple in the process of speed regulation.Therefore, the switched reluctance motor (SRM) transient torque control technique is used to reduce torque ripple and improve the performance of SRM drive system.In order to reduce the torque ripple of switched reluctance motor, the structure and working principle of switched reluctance motor are analyzed firstly, and then the mathematical model is deduced.On this basis, the ideal linearization model is analyzed.The switched reluctance motor transient torque control technology is introduced in the control technology.The torque hysteresis controller is designed, and the instantaneous torque can follow the given torque in real time through the improved hysteresis controller.In addition, the rotor position of switched reluctance motor (SRM) is divided into single phase on region and two phase conduction area.The strategy of torque and current distribution in the process of commutation is analyzed.Then the simulation models of current chopping control, direct torque control and direct instantaneous torque control are built using Matlab / Simulink, respectively. The superiority of the control method is verified by the analysis and comparison of the simulation results.On this basis, the hardware circuit of switched reluctance motor transient torque control system is designed.The power conversion circuit is mainly designed.Finally, an experimental platform of switched reluctance control system based on STM32F051 is built.Through the analysis of the experimental results, it is further proved that the transient torque control can restrain the current and torque ripple.
【学位授予单位】：河北科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM352

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