基于LabVIEW的水轮机振动信号分析

发布时间：2018-04-06 01:32

本文选题：水轮发电机组　切入点：振动　出处：《河北工程大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：目前,我国水电事业正处在蓬勃发展的阶段,水力发电因运行费用低,调度灵活,可再生,无污染,资源蕴藏丰富等优点受到了人们的高度重视。随着水轮发电机组的装机容量和装机尺寸越来越大,机组故障日益增多,机组振动问题也日益突出。水轮发电机组的振动是影响水轮发电机组的安全稳定运行的重要因素,振动信号中蕴含着大量的水轮机状态特征信息。因此,对水轮发电机组进行振动信号测试和分析以实现故障的检测和排查具有非常重要的实际意义。水轮发电机组的振动信号分析方法有很多,经验模态分解法(EMD)是一种自适应的信号分析方法,通过分解非平稳故障信号把原来不易获得的微弱故障信号分解出来,从而实现故障诊断。与传统的时频分析法相比更加适合于对非平稳、非线性的信号进行分析,因此该方法逐渐在机械故障诊断领域获得了推广。随着虚拟仪器技术的飞速发展,“软件就是仪器”已经发展成为一种新的思想。LabVIEW是由美国国家仪器公司推出的一种图形化编程软件,具有良好的人机交互界面,已在众多领域得到广泛应用。本文根据EMD算法基本原理对LabVIEW进行了二次开发,建立了基于LabVIEW的EMD模块,为水轮发电机组振动故障信号分析提供了有效的工具。并以模型水轮机振动试验数据和西达水电站水轮机振动试验数据作为实例进行分析,实验结果表明,EMD算法可以在LabVIEW环境下得到很好的实现,可以有效地诊断出水轮机发电机组的故障信息。
[Abstract]:At present, hydropower industry in China is in a stage of vigorous development. People attach great importance to hydropower because of its low operating cost, flexible scheduling, renewable, no pollution, rich resources and so on.With the increasing installed capacity and size of hydroelectric generating units, the number of unit faults is increasing, and the vibration problem is becoming more and more prominent.The vibration of a hydrogenerator is an important factor affecting the safe and stable operation of a hydrogenerator. The vibration signal contains a large amount of characteristic information of the turbine state.Therefore, it is of great practical significance to test and analyze the vibration signals of hydroelectric generating sets to realize fault detection and troubleshooting.There are many methods for vibration signal analysis of hydro-generator sets. Empirical mode decomposition (EMD) is an adaptive signal analysis method, which decomposes weak fault signals which are not easily obtained by decomposing non-stationary fault signals.Thus, fault diagnosis is realized.Compared with the traditional time-frequency analysis method, this method is more suitable for the analysis of non-stationary and nonlinear signals, so the method has been gradually popularized in the field of mechanical fault diagnosis.With the rapid development of virtual instrument technology, "Software is instrument" has developed into a new idea. LabVIEW is a graphical programming software developed by National Instruments Company of the United States, which has a good man-machine interface.It has been widely used in many fields.According to the basic principle of EMD algorithm, the LabVIEW is redeveloped in this paper, and the EMD module based on LabVIEW is established, which provides an effective tool for the vibration fault signal analysis of hydroelectric generator set.Taking the model turbine vibration test data and the Xida hydropower station turbine vibration test data as an example, the experimental results show that the EMD algorithm can be well realized in LabVIEW environment.The fault information of hydraulic turbine generator can be diagnosed effectively.
【学位授予单位】：河北工程大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TV734.1

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