金属氧化物在聚合物及钙钛矿光伏器件中作为阴极缓冲层的研究

发布时间：2018-04-11 08:28

本文选题：聚合物 + 钙钛矿　；参考：《南昌大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：聚合物光伏器件在最近十几年引起了极大的关注,由于其具有的低成本,质量轻,柔性制备以及将来可能的大面积的溶液加工制备的优势。在发展迅速的新型给受体材料制备和界面工程调控中,单节的光伏器件已经超过10%的效率。然而由于聚合物光伏器件中的有机材料电荷迁移率较低,大部分的高性能器件均采用的是制备较薄的活性层和界面层的方法。因此,现在研究的重点大多集中在发明新型的具有高的电荷迁移率的活性层及界面层材料,这样才能够制备厚度不敏感的器件。在反向太阳能器件中,氧化锌是一种非常常用的电子传输层材料。在这里,我们报告一种通过原位生长乙二硫醇掺杂的氧化锌制备电子传输层的方法,有效的提高了反向聚合物太阳能电池的效率。氧化锌与乙二硫醇中巯基的强相互作用有利于钝化氧化锌的表面缺陷以及提高氧化锌的电子迁移能力并形成平滑均一的薄膜。相对于纯氧化锌薄膜而言,氧化锌与乙二硫醇的共混膜提升了电荷取出效率和光生载流子的产生。因此,氧化锌与乙二硫醇的共混膜作为电子传输层的基于窄带隙活性层PTB7和PC71BM的反向聚合物太阳能电池获得了8.0%的转换效率。卤化铅的钙钛矿光伏器件由于其优越的光伏性能吸引了巨大的关注,然而,由于钙钛矿材料以及传输层材料导致器件的稳定性差,无法在大气环境中维持器件的正常效率,从而阻碍了钙钛矿器件的发展。现在我们报道了一种在低温下可溶液加工的卤化铅钙钛矿电池,阴阳极界面层均使用金属氧化物,分别为n型的氧化铈和p型的氧化镍。制备的钙钛矿光伏器件具有不错的器件效率和良好的稳定性。制备的器件为p-i-n结构(ITO/NiOx/perovskite/Ce Ox/Ag),在器件中氧化铈将钙钛矿光活性层和顶电极Ag分隔开,避免了钙钛矿对上层的渗透。在放置200小时后,器件的效率依然保持有最初的90%,而不像使用PCBM的器件那样迅速的衰减。
[Abstract]:Polymer photovoltaic devices have attracted a great deal of attention in recent years because of their advantages of low cost, light weight, flexible fabrication and possible large area solution processing in the future.In the rapid development of novel recipient materials preparation and interface engineering regulation, single-section photovoltaic devices have been more than 10% efficiency.However, due to the low charge mobility of organic materials in polymer photovoltaic devices, most of the high performance devices adopt the method of preparing thin active layer and interface layer.Therefore, most of the research focuses on the invention of new active layer and interface layer material with high charge mobility, which can be used to fabricate thickness insensitive devices.In reverse solar devices, zinc oxide is a very common electron transport layer material.In this paper, we report a method of preparing electron transport layer by in situ growth of ethylenedimercaptan doped zinc oxide, which effectively improves the efficiency of reverse polymer solar cells.The strong interaction between zinc oxide and mercapto group in ethylenedimercaptan is beneficial to the passivation of surface defects of zinc oxide and the enhancement of electron migration ability of zinc oxide and the formation of a smooth and uniform film.Compared with pure zinc oxide film, the blend film of zinc oxide and ethylenediol increases the efficiency of charge removal and the generation of photogenerated carriers.Therefore, the reverse polymer solar cells based on narrow band gap active layers PTB7 and PC71BM have achieved a conversion efficiency of 8.0% by using the zinc oxide / ethylenediol blend film as the electron transport layer.Perovskite photovoltaic devices with lead halide have attracted great attention due to their excellent photovoltaic properties. However, due to the poor stability of perovskite materials and transport layer materials, it is unable to maintain the normal efficiency of the devices in the atmospheric environment.This hinders the development of perovskite devices.In this paper, we report a kind of lead halide perovskite cell which can be processed in solution at low temperature. The interface layer of cathode and cathode is composed of metal oxides, which are n-type cerium oxide and p-type nickel oxide respectively.The prepared perovskite photovoltaic devices have good device efficiency and good stability.The fabricated device is p-i-n / NiOx-perovskite / ce oxide / Ag.Ceric oxide separates the photoactive layer of perovskite from the top electrode Ag in order to avoid perovskite penetration into the upper layer.After 200 hours of placement, the device's efficiency remains at the initial 90, rather than the rapid decay of devices using PCBM.
【学位授予单位】：南昌大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM914.4

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