脉冲峰值电压实时检测技术研究

发布时间：2018-04-11 13:28

本文选题：脉冲峰值电压 + 实时检测　；参考：《东华大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：脉冲峰值电压检测技术是电子测量以及其他相关领域经常遇到的问题。目前,峰值检测电路的前级(探测器及前置放大器)和后级(A/D转换器等)发展极为迅速,而作为中间桥梁的峰值检测电路发展较为缓慢,使其成为制约整个系统性能提高的瓶颈。故对脉冲峰值检测电路的研究具有重要意义。首先,本文从峰值检测电路原理出发,结合核心元件参数的性质,提出了峰值检测电路的性能指标,并推导出峰值检测电路元器件选型的参考公式,为实际工程选择或设计峰值检测装置提供了重要的理论参考。其次,依据模块化设计,详细分析了峰值检测电路的设计过程及原理。提出了元器件的寄生参数对整个电路的影响,进行分析后给出了相应控制方法。依据本文所述理论设计方法,设计了两款实用型峰值检测电路(正负峰值检测电路与窄脉冲峰值检测电路),运用Saber软件进行了仿真分析,仿真结果与理论分析一致,表明本文提出的峰值检测电路设计方法可以作为峰值检测电路设计的重要参考。其中,窄脉冲峰值检测电路可以较长时间保持窄脉冲信号。它的第一级峰值检测电路的充电电容较小,可以快速检测到窄脉冲信号;第二级峰值检测电路的充电电容较大,可以较长时间保持捕捉到的脉冲峰值。解决了传统峰值检测电路设计时一个充电电容的选择矛盾问题。该电路可以解决窄脉冲峰值电压难以准确捕捉的问题,并为后续A/D转换提供了充足转换时间。然后,基于跨导型运算放大器与电压型运算放大器构成的峰值检测电路原理,本文进行理论比较分析,完善了由电压型运算放大器构成的窄脉冲峰值检测电路的过冲问题。通过Saber仿真分析,得出跨导型运放构成的峰值检测电路的优良特性,为改进峰值检测电路提供了重要参考。本课题对峰值检测电路的运算放大器的供电方式进行了研究,设计了一款运算放大器供电电源。它可以提供运算放大器常用供电电压,且具有输出电压稳定,噪声低等优点,为运算放大器实验提供了极大的便利。最后,本文以dsPIC30F4011芯片为控制核心,外接峰值检测电路、稳压跟随电路、LCD模块、SD卡模块、按键检测模块等,设计了一套峰值电压实时检测系统。该系统可以同时检测四路电压,进行实时显示与存储,并可以通过按键控制来进行不同操作,为设计完善的峰值检测系统提供相关参考。
[Abstract]:Pulse peak voltage detection is a common problem in electronic measurement and other related fields.At present, the front stage (detector and preamplifier) and the rear stage A / D converter of peak detection circuit are developing very rapidly, while the peak detection circuit, as an intermediate bridge, is developing slowly.Make it become the bottleneck that restricts the whole system performance improvement.Therefore, it is of great significance to study the pulse peak detection circuit.Firstly, based on the principle of peak detection circuit and the properties of core component parameters, the performance index of peak detection circuit is put forward, and the reference formula of component selection of peak detection circuit is derived.It provides an important theoretical reference for the selection or design of peak detection device in practical engineering.Secondly, according to the modular design, the design process and principle of peak detection circuit are analyzed in detail.The influence of parasitic parameters of components on the whole circuit is presented, and the corresponding control method is given.According to the theoretical design method described in this paper, two practical peak detection circuits (positive and negative peak detection circuit and narrow pulse peak detection circuit) are designed. The simulation results are consistent with the theoretical analysis by using Saber software.It shows that the proposed design method of peak detection circuit can be used as an important reference for the design of peak detection circuit.Among them, the narrow pulse peak detection circuit can keep the narrow pulse signal for a long time.The charge capacitance of the first stage peak detection circuit is small, and the narrow pulse signal can be detected quickly, while the second stage peak detection circuit has a large charge capacitance and can keep the captured pulse peak for a long time.The problem of choosing a charging capacitor in the design of traditional peak detection circuit is solved.The circuit can solve the problem that the peak voltage of narrow pulse is difficult to capture accurately and provide sufficient conversion time for subsequent A / D conversion.Then, based on the principle of the peak detection circuit between the transconductance operational amplifier and the voltage type operational amplifier, this paper makes a theoretical comparison and analysis, and perfects the overshoot problem of the narrow pulse peak detection circuit composed of the voltage type operational amplifier.Through the simulation analysis of Saber, the excellent characteristics of the peak detection circuit constructed by transconductance operational amplifier are obtained, which provides an important reference for improving the peak detection circuit.In this paper, the power supply mode of operational amplifier for peak detection circuit is studied, and a power supply for operational amplifier is designed.It can provide common power supply voltage of operational amplifier, and has the advantages of stable output voltage and low noise, which provides great convenience for operational amplifier experiment.Finally, a real-time detection system for peak voltage is designed with dsPIC30F4011 chip as the control core, external peak detection circuit, voltage following circuit and SD card module, key detection module and so on.The system can simultaneously detect four voltages, display and store them in real time, and can perform different operations by means of keystroke control, which provides a reference for the well designed peak detection system.
【学位授予单位】：东华大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM933.2

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